What is Mitosis ?
When a cell divides and produce clones of itself.
- 46 c will divide and make another 46 c
X linked diseases will be more susceptible for diseases.
Males will be more susceptible to X chromosome linked diseases because the males have only one X. Females have two.
- colorblindness and hemophilia
If Y chromosome is expressed,
The TDF gene will be expressed and __ will develop . What else
The tests will develop.
Mistakes can happen from this point on
What are the functions of the Male reproduction tract
- Production
- Maintenance
- Distribution of male gonads
Where is the specific site of spermatogenesis ?
Seminiferous tubules
What is the function of the blood testes barrier ?
- it doesn’t allow in everything from the blood
- it helps protect the developing sperm cells from being destroyed from the rest of the body
The sustenatcular cells support cell division. How?
They help provide materials for fun stances to undergo mitosis or meiosis.
One of the functions of sustenatcular cells is
- secretion of inhibition and MIH
- involved in the development of ___ - ___ and ___ ( 2 hormones )
- feeds back to the ____
- __ is only secreted during the development stage
Gonadotropins - LH and FSH
- hypothalamus
- MIH
In the functions of sustenatcular cells, the secretion of androgen- binding proteins
- concentrate ___ in this site
- also plays a role in __
Androgens
Spermatogenesis
During spermatogenesis, stem cells - spermatogenium (diploid) have the potential to divide to mitosis and produce more spermatogonium.
Some daughter cells will remain spermatogonium but others
Will differ to primary spermatocytes that will undergo meiosis
Meiosis 1
Primary gonadocyte will divide into secondary gonadocytes
Meiosis 2
Secondary gonadocyte divides to spermatid
Spermiogenesis
When a spermatid matures into a functional sperm cell
Region of the sperm cell - head
Holds the nucleus
Region of the sperm cell - acrosome
- enzyme filled vessicle
- extremely important to the reproductive system
- gets through the oocyte to combine with the egg for fertilization
Region of the sperm cell - mid piece
Lots and lots of mitochondria are housed here
Region of the sperm cell - tail
The flagellum
Region of the sperm cell - where are they produced
Testes - epididymis
Region of the sperm cell - Epididymus
Monitor and adjust composition of tubular fluids
- removing waste products
- releasing nutrients so the sperm cells will survive
- they have not matured yet
Recycling center for damaged gametes
- abnormal or damaged or old sperm cells will be removed or reabsorbed
The Nursery
Stores gametes
Facilitate, maturation, of gametes
What carries the sperm from the epididymis towards the urethra
Ductus deferens
The accessory gland secretion released into tubular fluid
Ejaculatory duct
Urethra
- Shared passage way for the Urinary and Reproductive Tract
- 3 regions
- prostatic region - passes through the prostate gland
- Membranous - associated with the pelvic floor
- Spongy ( penile ) - urethra
The three regions of the Urethra
- Prostatic region - passes through the prostate gland
- Membranous - associated with the pelvic gland
- Spongy ( penile ) - urethra
The male copulatory organ
Penis
The erectile tissue is composed of 2 things
- Corpora Cavernosa
- a pair of them- blood vessels show up here - Corpus spongisum
- urethra goes through here - the single one
What is meiosis
- cell division, a single cell that will divide and produce 4
- These are the sex cells - will produce a tiny human
- ## 46 c will divide into haploid cells that have 23 c
What are the three accessory organs?
- Seminal vesicles
- Prostate gland
- Bulbourethral gland
Prostate gland secretes 3 things
- Fructose
- Prostoglands
- Fibrogen
Fructose
- provides __ to the ___
- is a ___
- change in the __, open to ___- ___
Provides nutrients to the testes
Is a sugar
Change in the pH , open to the exterior - microorganism
Prostoglandins
- ____ ___ contractions
- important for movement through the ___ and the uterus
Smooth muscle contractions
- movement through the spongy urethra
Fibrinogen
- blood clotting
- helps keep material ( sperm cells) clustered together so they will move together
Prostate gland secretes what ?
Seminalplasmin
What is seminalplasmin ?
Helps protect the males from UTI’s
Bulbourethral gland secretes
Mucus for lubrication