class 8: techniques of persuasion Flashcards Preview

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Flashcards in class 8: techniques of persuasion Deck (14)
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1
Q

rival explanations

A

evidence found contradicts claim

it is often left out

2
Q

rhetoric

A

the true language of persuasion

3
Q

thinking about audience

A

how much do the readers already know?

how familiar to the evidence might they be?

what might be their values?

the more you think about the audience, the stronger the argument can be built

4
Q

What is brainstorming?

A

first step of writing persuasively

put yourself in shoes of the audience

thinking how they could object to your ideas

necessary to provide convincing answer to these objections and show that you have considered the issue fully

5
Q

what are the common types of objections that you can encounter?

A

readers are aware of the negative evidence
that refutes your argument

readers can come up with alternative causal explanations that are consistent with your evidence

readers disagree with your values preferences or reality assumptions

6
Q

negative evidence

A

evidence contradicting your argument

explaining how these shouldn’t affect your claim shows that you have given it consideration

7
Q

rival causes

A

if claim you are proposing is a causal claim, then there are high chances there are rival causes

if you know them, don’t stay quiet about them

8
Q

what must you do about debatable assumptions?

A

must anticipate challenges to your assumptions

must provide explicit data to your reality assumptions

must show that your values are worth serious consideration

9
Q

how to limit claims when you have now rebuttal

A

must concede point you cannot refute

limiting your generalization

assessment that the level of probability of your claim is less than 100%

a refinement or redefining of your terms

acknowledging limitations makes your writing more persuasive

10
Q

why do we study rhetoric

A

to understand how authors and and speakers convince their audience

11
Q

what are the rules of rhetoric

A
  1. detail: evidence and assumption
  2. tone: scholarly versus narrative
  3. vividness: being concrete
12
Q

being complete and detailed (1)

A

full and clear detail because most of the evidence will be new to the reader

make links with their own experiences

13
Q

using appropriate tone (2)

A

scholarly, narrative or formal

14
Q

being vivid (3)

A

being concrete