Class 2

Question 1

What can be visualized in Female Pelvic Ultrasound?

Answer 1

UTERUS
OVARIES
FALLOPIAN TUBES (if dilated)
VAGINA
GRAVID UTERUS

Question 2

Transabdominal Pelvic Exam Patient Prep

Answer 2

• 32 OUNCES OF WATER FINISHED 1 HOUR PRIOR TO EXAM

- ADJUST FOR POSTMENOPAUSAL PATIENT TO 24 OUNCES

Question 3

Reasons for Bladder Filling

Answer 3

• Pushes bladder superiorly
• Decreases angle of incidence
• Pushes loops of bowel out of view
• Provides acoustic window for uterus & adnexa
• Provides anatomic reference point
• Provides for assessment of mass mobility
• Provides for mass comparison

Question 4

The Transabdominal Pelvic Exam: Transducer and patient position?

Answer 4

TRANSDUCER: 3.5 MHZ TO 5.0 MHZ

PATIENT POSITION: SUPINE

Question 5

Transvaginal Pelvic Exam: Patient Prep

Answer 5

PATIENT PREP:

• EMPTY URINARY BLADDER
• DISROBE FROM WAIST DOWN
• ELEVATE HIPS, IF GYNECOLOGY TABLE NOT AVAILABLE
• PREPARE THE PROBE
• INSERT THE PROBE OR ASK THE PATIENT TO INSERT THE PROBE LIKE A TAMPON
• MALE SONOGRAPHERS MUST HAVE A FEMALE CHAPERONE PRESENT DURING THE EXAM!

Question 6

Transvaginal Ultrasound Advantages

Answer 6

• Better resolution
• Can measure and analyze smaller structures
• No need for bladder filling

Question 7

Transvaginal Ultrasound Disadvantages

Answer 7

• Smaller more limited field of view due to frequency and limitations in probe movements
• Invasive

Question 8

Obstetric Exam: Patient Prep:

Answer 8

• DEPENDS ON GESTATIONAL AGE
• BEFORE WEEK 15; 32 OUNCES OF WATER
• AFTER WEEK 15; 16 OUNCES OF WATER

Question 9

Transperineal Scanning: When is it used and why?

Answer 9

• SCANNING BETWEEN LABIA AND PERINEUM
• PATIENT POSITION SAME AS TRANSVAGINAL EXAM
• USEFUL WHEN TRANSVAGINAL US IS CONTRAINDICATED

Question 10

What is Sonohysterography?

Answer 10

• 25-30 ml of sterile saline in endometrial cavity
• Delineates endometrial cavity
• Used in evaluation of endometrial polyps, fibroids, endometrial hyperplasia, and patency of fallopian tubes

Question 11

What are Contrast Agents?

Answer 11

• ECHOVIST VIA CATHETER INSERTION
• IV CONTRAST AGENTS
• IV CONTRAST AGENTS ENHANCE COLOR AND PULSED WAVE CHARACTERISTICS IN SMALL VESSELS

Question 12

What is Three Dimensional Imaging?

Answer 12

-CURRENT DEVELOPMENT AND INVESTIGATION ON-GOING
PRO-VIDES TOPOGRAPHICAL IMAGING INFORMATION
-USEFUL IN EVALUATION OF FACE, DIGITS, LIMBS, AND NEURAL TUBE DEFECTS

Question 13

What are the Sonographer’s Responsibilities?

Answer 13

• PROPER EQUIPMENT
• REDUCE PATIENT DISCOMFORT
• MINIMIZE EXPOSURE TO ULTRASOUND
• PROVIDE THOROUGH AND SYSTEMATIC EXAMINATIONS
• ADHERE TO THE SONOGRAPHER’S CODE OF CONDUCT
• ACHIEVE REGISTRATION THROUGH THE ARDMS
• STAY CURRENT ON EMERGING TRENDS WITH CONTINUING MEDICAL EDUCATION