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Flashcards in citizenship in the workplace Deck (36)
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1
Q

What is a right?

A

an entitlement given to us by law

2
Q

What is responsibility?

A

– something that we are expected to do; a duty. It could be moral or legal

3
Q

What is meant by equal opportunities?

A

treating everybody with the same rights, giving the same chances to all

4
Q

What is discrimination?

A

treating someone unfairly because they are different in some way such as gender, age, sexuality, religion, ethnicity, religion

5
Q

What is the economy?

A

– the financial and production levels of a country or region in relation to the manufacture and sale/use of goods and services

6
Q

What is community cohesion?

A

an area of people sharing the same ideas and values, providing a sense of belonging, identity and equal opportunity

7
Q

What is sustainability?

A

where natural resources are used and replaced so that they are not depleted

8
Q

What is a written statement of employment?

A

is a document than an employee should receive within 8 weeks from the start of their employment. It sets out the terms of your employment.

9
Q

What should the statement of employment include?

A
  • The title of the position
  • The description of the job
  • The address of the employer
  • Location/s of the place of work
  • Normal working hours and days
  • Details concerning overtime
  • Arrangements for sick pay
  • Holiday entitlement
  • Notice of termination: both parties
  • Information on disciplinary procedures
10
Q

What information should employers know and what rights do workers have?

A

Pay: Everyone is entitled to the National Minimum Wage, men and women get paid the same for the same work.
Working Hours: Working Time Regulations limit number of hours worked in a week, unless you have chosen to minimum standards of work breaks and leave.
Family Life: Working parents have rights including maternity, paternity and parental leave, flexible working hours and time off.
Unfair dismissal: Rights to claim UD after 12 months employment.
Discrimination: Right to be treated fairly regardless of gender, age sex, religion, beliefs, disabilities etc.
Part-time or fixed term work: workers under these contracts, protected under the same law as other workers.

11
Q

When did the Factories Act come about and what does it say?

A

The Factories Act 1961 = employers and employees responsible for health and safety at work

12
Q

When did the Equal Pay act come about and what does it say?

A

The Equal Pay Act 1970/1984 = people doing the same work are paid the same

13
Q

What are the three main acts that deal with discrimination in the workplace?

A

The Sex Discrimination Act 1975
The Race Relations Act 1976
Disability Discrimination Act 1995

14
Q

When did the Employments Rights act come about and what does it say?

A

The Employment Rights Act 1996 = an equal opportunities law, the main employment law

15
Q

When did the National Minimum Wage act come about and what does it say?

A

The National Minimum Wage Act 1998 = ensures minimum wage paid according to age (starting at age 16)

16
Q

Who is responsible for organizing health and safety at work?

A

The two organisations responsible for Health and Safety at work; the Health and Safety Executive and the Health and Safety Commission merged together on 1st April 2008 to become the Health and Safety Executive

17
Q

What does the Health and Safety Executive do?

A

set policy, give advice and work with local authorities to enforce the Health and Safety at Work Act (1974).

18
Q

What does the Health and Safety at Work Act (1974) say?

A

This Act gives employers and employees the responsibility to work together to ensure the workplace is safe and healthy. Employers have to provide training in all parts of the job, from lifting heavy objects and using ladders to the use of electrical equipment and computers. They are to carry out risk assessments and give staff handbooks that contain H & S policy. It is the responsibility of the employee to let their employer know if they think a situation is dangerous or unhealthy and must stop working if they believe conditions to be dangerous.

19
Q

What does the Trading Standards office do?

A

Trading Standards Offices are in all local authorities to enforce the law. They give free advice to consumers and investigate complaints. They can work with agencies and authorities for the benefit of consumers and study all aspects of the supply of goods and services.

20
Q

When was the Office of Fair Trading set up?

A

1973

21
Q

What does the Sale of Goods act (1979) and its amendments say?

A

Goods must be of a decent quality and not damaged or faulty.
Goods must be fit for the purpose and do what the manufacturer claims they will. Goods must match the description given on the packaging.
All this means is that goods and services must be provided as they were advertised. If not, the consumer has the right to return the goods promptly and get a full refund. Returning the faulty goods after a certain time period may result in a reduced refund, due to ‘wear and tear’ or replace or repaired.

22
Q

What does The Sale of Goods and Services Act 1982 say?

A

This covers the same ideas as the 1979 Act and also covers such goods as building and hairdressing. Workmanship should be of reasonable standard and be carried out within a reasonable time period. The details of this type of work should be agreed before hand and written down where appropriate.

23
Q

When might an employee be able to claim unfair dismissal?

A

If they have been dismissed because of:
because of their trade union membership, trade union non-membership, trade union activities or proposed activities, or use or proposed use of trade union services
because they failed to accept an unlawful inducement from an employer to give up their trade union rights or to disapply a collective agreement
for reasons relating to jury service
on grounds relating to pregnancy, childbirth or maternity/paternity leave
for taking, or seeking to take, time off for dependants
for taking, or proposing to take, certain specified types of action on health and safety grounds

24
Q

What does the Sex discrimination act of 1975 deal with?

A

The Sex Discrimination Act is concerned with
direct and indirect discrimination against:
•men and women on the grounds of sex;
• married persons on the grounds of their marital status;
•men and women on the grounds of gender reassignment;
• any person on the grounds of victimisation for asserting a statutory right to equality of treatment.
The Act covers all employers regardless of their size, and lends protection to all employees includingagency workers and vocational trainees.

25
Q

What does the Race relation Act of 1976 deal with?

A

The Race Relations Act 1976 applies to discrimination on the grounds of colour, race, nationality and ethnic and national origins. Both direct and indirect discrimination are covered by the legislation which applies to all stages of employment: arrangements made for deciding who is offered a job; the terms on which the job is offered; opportunities for promotion, training and transfer; the benefits and services granted to employees; and in job termination or other unfavourable treatment of employees. The Act provides for a few, specific exemptions where it may be a genuine occupational qualification (GOQ) to be a member of a particular race, ethnic group, etc. The list of genuine occupational qualifications includes actors, models, personal welfare offices and certain jobs in places like restaurants where “for reasons of authenticity” a person of a particular racial group is required, for example a Chinese restaurant.

26
Q

What does the disability discrimination act of 1995 deal with?

A

has now been repealed and replaced by the Equality Act 2010 ([1]), except in Northern Ireland where the Act still applies. Formerly, it made it unlawful to discriminate against people in respect of their disabilities in relation to employment, the provision of goods and services, education and transport.In addition to imposing obligations on employers, the Act placed duties on service providers and required “reasonable adjustments” to be made when providing access to goods, facilities, services and premises.

27
Q

What does the Health and Safety at Work Act 1974 cover?

A

The Act is in 4 parts:
Part I covers general duties,the Health & Safety Commission (HSC) and Executive (HSE), the power to make regulations and Codes of Practice, enforcement and penalties;
Part II establishes the Employment Medical Advisory Service
Part III relates to Building Regulations; and
Part IV covers various amendments and other general issues.

28
Q

What duties does an employer have under the Health and Safety at work Act (1974)?

A
requires employers (and the self-employed) to ensure that non-employees (eg the general public, contractors and contract staff) do not have their health and safety adversely affected by the employer's actions and, where necessary, to give such people information about hazards.
ensure that items supplied for use are safe and to supply necessary information about safe use and any testing results.
 place duties on people in control of premises (landlords, tenants etc), both to ensure that people can use the premises without risks to their health or safety and to control any 'noxious or offensive substances' from being released into the atmosphere
29
Q

What responsibilities do employees have under the Health and Safety at work act (1974)?

A

to take reasonable care of your own health and safety
if possible to avoid wearing jewellery or loose clothing if operating machinery
if you have long hair, or wear a headscarf, make sure it’s tucked out of the way as it could get caught in machinery
to take reasonable care not to put other people - fellow employees and members of the public - at risk by what you do or don’t do in the course of your work
if you drive or operate machinery, you have a responsibility to tell your employer if you take medication that makes you drowsy. If you have, they should temporarily move you to another job if they have one for you to do

30
Q

What is a contract of sale?

A

Formal contract by which a seller agrees to sell and a buyer agrees to buy, under certain terms and conditions spelled out in writing in the document signed by both parties.

31
Q

what are some statutory rights body that gives advice on consumer rights?

A

Committee of Advertising Practice
European Consumer Centre for Services (ECCS)
Food Standards Agency

32
Q

What is direct discrimination?

A

When a person is treated less well, in comparison with someone else, because of his or her racial or ethnic origin, religion or belief, disability, age or sexual orientation.

33
Q

What are some examples of direct discrimination?

A

a shop owner who refuses to hire suitably qualified people simply because they are of a certain race or ethnic origin, or an employer who specifies in a job advert that only young people should apply even though the job in question could be done perfectly well by an older person

34
Q

What is indirect discrimination?

A

When an apparently neutral specification, criteria or practice would disadvantage people on the grounds of racial or ethnic origin, religion or belief, disability, age or sexual orientation unless the practice can be objectively justified by a legitimate aim.

35
Q

What are some examples of indirect discrimination?

A

a translation company insists that all those applying for jobs as translators have driving licenses because there is an occasional need to deliver or collect work from clients. Since this prevents some people with disabilities from applying and as driving is not a core requirement for doing the job, the company is effectively discriminating against this particular group of people, unless it can demonstrate that there is an objective reason to justify this measure.
A department store prohibits its employees from wearing hats when serving customers. This rule means that people whose religious beliefs require them to cover their heads, such as Muslim women, are prevented from working in the shop. The store is indirectly discriminating against this group of people unless it can demonstrate that there is an objective reason to justify the policy.

36
Q

what are some examples of legal discrimination?

A

Non-smokers only. Children only. Banks can discriminate who to lend money to.

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