Cholesterol Drugs Flashcards
Name the HMG-CoA Reductase inhibitors
“-statins”
lovastatin, pravastatin, simvastatin, atorvastatin, rosuvastatin
Effect of HMG-CoA reductase inhibitors on LDL, HDL and TG
greatly decrease LDL
increase HDL
decrease LDL
Mechanism of HMG-CoA reductase inhibitors
inhibit conversion of HMG-CoA to mevalonate, a cholesterol precursor
decrease mortality in CAD pts
Side effects of HMG-CoA reductase inhibitors
hepatotoxicity (increased LFTs)
myopathy (esp when used with fibrates or niacin)
Name the bile acid resins
Cholestyramine, colestipon, colesevelam
Effect of bile acid resins on LDL, HDL and TGs
decrease LDL
slight increase in HDL
slight increase in TGs
Mechanism of bile acid resins
prevent intestinal reabsorption of bile acids
liver must use cholesterol to make more
Side effects of bile acid resins
GI upset, decreased absorption of other drugs and fat-soluble vitamins (ADEK)
Effect of ezetimibe on LDL, HDL, TGs
decreases LDL
no change in HDL or TGs
Mechanism of ezetimibe
prevent cholesterol absorption at small intestine brush border
Side effects of ezetimibe
rare increase in LFTs, diarrhea
Name the fibrates
Gemfibrozil, clofibrate, bezafibrate, fenofibrate
Effect of fibrates on LDL, HDL and TGs
decreases LDL
increases HDL
greatly decreases TGs
Mechanism of fibrates
upregulate LPL –> increased TG clearance
activates PPAR-alpha to induce HDL synthesis
Side effects of fibrates
myopathy (increased risk with statins)
cholesterol gallstones
