Chapters 9 & 10 Study Guide Flashcards Preview

1430-59 Legal Principles of Health Information > Chapters 9 & 10 Study Guide > Flashcards

Flashcards in Chapters 9 & 10 Study Guide Deck (27)
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1
Q

• CDC

A

o Center for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC)

  • guidelines recommend that health care practitioners wear gloves, eye masks, gowns and other protective equipment when performing such task as capillary puncture, phlebotomy, pelvic exams, minor suturing, throat culture and when performing tasks that do not involve direct contact with blood, body fluids or tissues.

 Apart of the US Health and Human Services department

 Provides a broad public health role

 Mission is to protect America from health , safety and security threats, both foreign and in the US where disease start at home or abroad, are chronic or acute, curable or preventable, human error or deliberate attack, CDC fights disease and supports communities and citizens to do the same..”

2
Q

• OSHA standards

A

o the organization that is charged with writing and enforcing compulsory(required by law) standards for health and safety in the workplace

 Standards Cover Four areas of employment

  • General industry
  • Maritime (sea)
  • Construction
  • Agriculture
And Include
o	Regulations for the physical workplace
o	Machinery and equipment
o	Materials
o	Power sources
o	Processing
o	Protective clothing
o	First aid
o	Workplace administration
o	Record keeping requirements
o	Whistle blower protection
3
Q

• Fair Labor Standards Act of 1938

A

o This act prohibits child labor and the firing of employees for excising their rights under the acts wage and hour standards. It also provides for overtime pay and minimum wage.

4
Q

• Wagner Act of 1935

A

o This act makes it illegal to discriminate in hiring or firing because of union membership or organization activities

5
Q

• The National Childhood Vaccine Injury Act

A

o A federal law passed in 1986 that created a no-fault compensation program for citizens injured or killed by vaccines as an alternative to suing vaccine manufacturers and providers

6
Q

• CLIA Act AKA Clinical Laboratory Improvement Amendments

A

o Federal Statues passed that established minimum quality standards for all laboratory testing

7
Q

• Laci and Conner’s Act//AKA The Unborn Victims of Violence Act

A

o The act provides for the prosecution of anyone who causes injury to or the death of a fetus in utero in cases in which the federal government has jurisdiction. It also states that “the punishment for the separate offense is the same as the punishment provided under federal law for the conduct had that injury or death occurred to the unborn child’s mother.”

8
Q

• OSHA Ionizing Radiation Standard

A

o This standard applies to all medical and dental offices that have X-ray machines.

Requirements under this standard include

 Preparing a survey of all types of radiation used, including x-rays

 Setting aside restricted areas where employees can limit exposures

 Providing personal radiation monitors such as film badges or pocket dosimeters for employees to wear

 Using caution signs to label those rooms and equipment where exposure could occur

9
Q

• General Duty Clause

A

o A section of the Hazard Communication Standard stating that any equipment that may pose a health risk must be specified as a hazard.

10
Q

• The role of the medical examiner

A

o a physician who investigates suspicious or unexplained deaths in a community. As a physician, the medical examiner can order and perform autopsies.

11
Q

• The role of the coroner

A

o a public official who investigates and holds inquest over those who die from unknown or violent causes; he or she may or may not be a physician depending on state law.

o The purposed of a coroner’s inquest is to gather evidence that may be used by the police in the investigation of a violent or suspicious death. It is not a trial, but it is a criminal proceeding, in the nature of preliminary investigation.

12
Q

• Federalism

A

o The sharing of power among national, state, and local governments.

13
Q

• Public health statutes and citations

A

o physicians, other health care practitioners, and any one who has knowledge of a case must report to county or state health agencies the occurrence of certain diseases that could threaten the health and well-being of the population

o Statues

 Guarding against unsanitary conditions in public facilities

 Inspecting establishments where food and drink are processed and sold

 Exterminating pests and vermin that can spread disease

 Checking water supply

 Setting up measures of control for certain diseases

 Requiring physicians, school nurses, and other health care workers to file certain reports for the protection of citizens

o Citations

 Require investigations be conducted in infectious disease outbreaks

 Make childhood vaccinations a condition for school entry

 Ban the distribution of free cigarette samples around schools or in areas where children congregate

 Institute smoking bans or restrictions

 Involuntary detain (quarantine) individuals who have certain infectious diseases

 Seize and or destroy property to contain the threat of toxic substance

14
Q

• Which sexual disease(s) are required by states for the notification of past and present sexual partners?

A
o	Reportable STIs differ with states but generally include 
	Gonorrhea
	Syphilis
	Chlamydia
	Lymphogranuloma venereum
	Chancroid
	Granuloma inguiale (genital warts)
	Scabies
	Pubic lice
	trichomoniasis
15
Q

• FDA (The Food and Drug Administration)

A

o An agency within the department of health and human services

  • tests and approves drugs before releasing them for public use.
  • This agency also oversees drug quality and standardization
  • Oversees the recall of drugs

o FDA & CDC as well as state and local and public health officials have responsibility for warning the public about food recalls.

-Both federal and state government regulate the sale and use of certain drugs.

16
Q

• DEA

A

o At the federal level the DEA, a branch of the Department of Justice, regulates the sale and use of drugs by the authority Granted in the Comprehensive Drug Abuse Prevention and Control Act of 1970, commonly called the Controlled Substance Act.

17
Q

• Wrongful discharge

A

o A concept established by precedent that says an employer risks litigation if he or she does not have just cause for firing an employee

18
Q

• Employment at will

A

o A concept of employment where by either the employer or the employee can end the employment at any time, for any reason

19
Q

• Just cause

A

o An employer’s legal reason for firing an employee

20
Q

• Affirmative action

A

o Programs that use goals and quotas to provide preferential treatment for minority person determined to have been underutilized in the past

21
Q

• Bloodborne Pathogen Standard

A

o An OSHA regulation designed to protect health care workers from the risk of exposure to bloodborne pathogens

22
Q

• Hazard Communication Standard

A

o An OSHA standard intended to increase health care practitioner’s awareness of risks, improve work practices and appropriate use of personal protective equipment and reduce injuries and illnesses in the work place.

23
Q

Title VII of the Civil Rights Act of 1964

A

applies to businesses with 15 or more employees working at least 20 weeks of the year

Prevents employers from discriminating in hiring or firing on the basis of race, color, religion, sex, or national origin.

Some states have laws that also prohibit discrimination bases on marital status, parenthood mental health, cognitive impairment, sexual orientation, personal appearance, or political affiliation

Also prevents federal judges from using affirmative action

24
Q

Equal Opportunity

A

created under Title VII

US Equal Employment Opportunity Commission (EEOC)

  • enforces Title VII provisions, The Age Discrimination in Employment Act, Equal Pay Act, and Section 501 of the Rehabilitation Act.
  • EEOC field offices handle charges or complaints of employment discriminations
25
Q

Examples of Federalism

A
  • require investigations be conducted in infectious disease outbreak
  • make childhood vaccinations a condition for school entry
  • ban the distribution of free cigarette samples around schools or in areas where children congregate
  • institute smoking bans or restrictions
  • involuntarily detain (Quarantine) individuals who have certain infectious diseases
  • seize and or destroy property to contain the threat of toxic substance
  • educate people about heath issues
  • mobilize community partnerships-especially during times of hurricanes, fires, and other natural disasters
  • develop action plans that support both individual and community health efforts
  • link people to needed personal health services and also provide some of those services
  • research for innovative solutions to health problems
26
Q

Federal government collections of vital statistics

A

numbers collected for the population of live births, deaths, fetal deaths, marriages, divorces, induced terminations of pregnancy and any change in civil statues that occurs during and individuals lifetime.

-ALL MUST PROVIDE FOR

  • guarding against unsanitary conditions
  • inspecting establishments where food and drink are processed and sold
  • exterminating pests and vermin that spread disease
  • checking water Quality
  • setting up measures of control for certain diseases
  • requiring physicians, school nurses, and other health care workers to file certain reports for the protection of citizens
27
Q

Safety Data Sheets

A

formerly known as material safety data sheet

  • for each hazardous chemical in use in the office.
  • These sheets should be kept on file, and new ones should be placed in a binder where employees can readily review them.
  • Manufacturers must supply SDSs when requested. Each hazardous product in use must have a hazard label, which is condensed version of the SDS.
  • employees must determine what hazardous chemicals are used, initial and date new SDSs as they are read, and initial and date records of safety training.
  • Healthcare practitioners should see that a hazardous communication manual is kept up-to-date and is accessible to all coworkers.