Flashcards in Chapters 35 and 36 (Human Body Unit p.1) Deck (98)
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1
what do the levels of organization in a multicellular organism include?
cells, tissues, organs, and organ systems
2
what structures make up the nervous system?
brain, spinal cord, peripheral nerves
3
what is the function of the nervous system?
recognizes and coordinates the body's response to changes in its internal and external environments
4
what structures make up the integumentary system?
skin, hair, nails, sweat and oil glands
5
what is the function of the integumentary system?
serves as a barrier against infection and injury; helps to regulate body temperature; provides protection against ultrviolet radiation from the sun
6
what structures make up the respiratory system?
nose, pharynx, larynx, trachea, bronchi, bronchioles, lungs
7
What is the function of the respiratory system?
provides oxygen needed for cellular respiration and removes excess carbon dioxide from the body
8
what structures make up the digestive system?
mouth, pharynx, esophaagus, stomach, small and large intestines, rectum
9
what is the function of the digestive system?
converts foods into simpler molecules that can be used by the cells of the body; absorbs food; eliminates waste
10
what structures make up the excretory system?
skin, lungs, kidneys, uretors, urinary bladder, uretha
11
what is the function of the excretory system?
eliminates waste products from the body in ways that maintain homeostasis
12
what structures make up the skeletal system?
bones, cartilage, ligaments, tendons
13
what is the function of the skeletal system?
supports the body; protects internal organs; allows movement; stores mineral reserves; provides a ssite for blood cell formation
14
what structures make up the muscular system?
skeletal muscle,smooth muscle, cardiac muscle
15
what is the function of the muscular system?
works with skeletal system to produce voluntary movement; helps to circulate blood and move food through the digestive system
16
what structures make up the circulatory system?
heart, blood vessels, blood
17
what is the function of the circulatory system?
brings oxygen, nutrients, and hormones to cells; fights infection; removes cell wastes; helps to regulate body temperature
18
what structures make up the endocrine system?
hypothalamus, pituitary, thyroid, parathryoids, adrenals, pancreas, ovaries, testes
19
what is the function of the endocrine system?
controls growth development, and metabolism; maintains homeostasis
20
what structures make up the reproductive system?
testes, epididymis, vas deferens, uretha, and penis; ovaries, fallopian tubes, uterus, vagina
21
what is the function of the reproductive system?
produces reproductive cells; in females, nurtures and protects developing embryo
22
what structures make up the lymphatic/immune systems?
white blood cells, thymus, spleen, lymph nodes, lymph vessels
23
what are specilaized cells?
cells that are uniquely suited to perform a particular function.
24
what is epithelial tissue?
glands and tissues that cover interior and exterior body surfaces.
25
what is connective tissue?
provides support for the body and connects it's parts
26
what is nervous tissue?
transmits nerve impulses throughout the body.
27
what is muscle tissue?
along with bones, enables the body to move
28
what is homeostasis?
the process by which organisms keep internal conditions relatively constant despite changes in external environments. Homeostasis in the body is maintained by feedback loops
29
what is feedback inhibition?
the process in which a stimulus produces a response that opposes the original stimulus
30
