Chapters 31, 35, and 34 Flashcards Preview

EMT Basic - Trauma > Chapters 31, 35, and 34 > Flashcards

Flashcards in Chapters 31, 35, and 34 Deck (38)
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1
Q

Cerebrospinal Fluid

A

A clear fluid that surrounds the brain and spinal chord

2
Q

Meninges

A

Layers of tissue protecting the brain/ They include the dura, arachnoid, and pia mater

3
Q

Cerebrum

A

Part of the brain controlling consciousness and sensory functions, emotions, and personality

4
Q

Cerebellum

A

Part of the brain controlling equilibrium and muscle coordination

5
Q

Brainstem

A

Part of the brain that controls most automatic functions of the body

6
Q

Concussion

A

Mild injury that causes temporary loss of brain function

7
Q

Contusion

A

Injury that causes bruising or swelling of the brain

8
Q

Subdural Hematoma

A

Bleeding between the brain and dura mater

9
Q

Epidural Hematoma

A

Bleeding between the dura mater and skull

10
Q

Laceration

A

A wound that penetrates the brain

11
Q

Heniation

A

Compression and pushing of the brain through the foramen magnum

12
Q

Flexion Posturing

A

A posture in which the patient arches the back and flexes the arms inward toward the chest. A sign of serious head injury. Aka decorticate posturing

13
Q

Extension Posturing

A

A posture in which the patient arches the back and extends the arms straight out parallel to the body. A sign of serious head injury. Aka decerebrate posturing

14
Q

Consensual Reflex

A

Same or similar reaction of the unstimulated pupil when the other pupil is stimulated, as when light is shined into one pupil and both pupils contract

15
Q

Raccoon Sign

A

Discoloration of tissue around eye suggestive of basilar skull injury

16
Q

Battle Sign

A

Discoloration of the mastoid suggesting basilar skull fracture

17
Q

Cushing Reflex

A

Syndrome of increased systolic pressure, decreased heart rate, and changed respiratory pattern indiction severe head injury

18
Q

Diplopia

A

Double vision

19
Q

Retrograde Amnesia

A

Inability to remember circumstances prior to an incident

20
Q

Anterograde Amnesia

A

Inability to remember circumstances after an incident

21
Q

Peritoneal Space

A

The anterior abdominal cavity that houses the majority of the abdominal organs

22
Q

Retroperintoneal Cavity

A

The space located behind the peritoneal cavity

23
Q

Peritonitis

A

Irritation and inflammation of the abdominal lining

24
Q

Kehr Sign

A

Severe shoulder pain referred from a hemorrhaging injury within the abdominal cavity

25
Q

Abdominal Evisceration

A

Abdominal organ protrusion through an open wound

26
Q

Pneumothorax

A

Air in the pleural space causing collapse of the lung

27
Q

Sucking Chest Wound

A

An open wound to the chest that permits air to enter into the thoracic cavity

28
Q

Tension Pneumothorax

A

Severe buildup of air and pressure in the thoracic cavity

29
Q

Flail Segment

A

Two of more adjacent ribs that are fractured in two or more places and thus move independently from the rest of the rib cage

30
Q

Paradoxical Motion

A

A section of the chest that moves in the opposite direction to the rest of the chest during the phases of respiration. Typically seen with a flail segment

31
Q

Pulmonary Contusion

A

Bleeding within the lung tissue that causes a disturbance in gas exchange between the alveoli and the capillaries

32
Q

Open Pnuemothorax

A

An open wound to the chest that allows air to enter the pleural space and cause a collapsed lung

33
Q

Hemothorax

A

Blood in the pleural space, causing a collapsed lung

34
Q

Traumatic Asphyxia

A

Severe and sudden compression of the thorax that causes a rapid increase in the pressure within the chest

35
Q

Cardiac Contusion

A

A cardiac injury following severe blunt trauma to the chest where the heart is violently compressed between the sternum and the spinal column, causing a bruise to the heart wall

36
Q

Commotio Cordis

A

Sudden cardiac arrest that results from a projectile, such as a baseball, striking the anterior chest

37
Q

Pericardial Tamponade

A

Blood or Fluid filling the fibrous sac around the heart, causing compression of the heart

38
Q

Hemoptysis

A

Coughing up blood or blood stained sputnum