Chapter Six: An Intro to Metabolism - Part Two Flashcards Preview

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Flashcards in Chapter Six: An Intro to Metabolism - Part Two Deck (21)
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1
Q

what is metabolism?

A

the totality of an organism’s chemical reactions

2
Q

what is a metabolic pathway?

A

they begin with a specific molecule and ends with a product. each step is catalyzed by an enzyme.

3
Q

what are the products from the metabolic pathway used for?

A

to regulate the system

4
Q

explain metabolic pathway diagram.

A

notes

5
Q

what are catabolic pathways?

A

they release energy by breaking down complex molecules into simple compounds

6
Q

what is an example of a catabolic pathway?

A

cellular respiration. the breakdown of glucose in the presence of oxygen

7
Q

what is an anabolic pathway?

A

consume energy to build complex molecules from simpler ones

8
Q

what is an example of an anabolic pathway?

A

the synthesis of protein from amino acids

9
Q

what does a catabolic pathway in a cell release?

A

free energy in a series of reactions

10
Q

what is anaerobic vs. aerobic?

A

process that does not require the presence of oxygen compared to a process that requires the presence of oxygen

11
Q

what does ATP stand for?

A

adenosine triphosphate

12
Q

what is ATP made of?

A

composed of a ribose sugar, adenine, and three phosphate groups

13
Q

how are the bonds between phosphate groups broken?

A

hydrolysis

14
Q

how is energy released from ATP?

A

when the terminal phosphate bond is broken. it is released little by little.

15
Q

what is ATP similar to in structure?

A

a nucleotide

16
Q

what is an analogy for ATP?

A

currency

17
Q

what is the chemical formula for ATP?

A

ATP (3 PO4) + H2O –> ADP (2 PO4) + PO4

18
Q

is ATP renewable? explain.

A

yes it is because it can be regenerated by the addition of a phosphate group to ADP

19
Q

what is ADP?

A

adenosine diphosphate

20
Q

what does phosphorylate mean?

A

introduce a phosphate group into (a molecule or compound)

21
Q

where does the energy to phosphorylate ADP come from?

A

from catabolic reactions in the cell