what does census data define family as?
married or common-law couple with or without children, or lone parent living with at least one child in same dwelling
Murdock defines family as:
social group characterized by common residence, economic cooperation, reproduction, sexually permissible relationship with one or more children
Vanier Institute made contemporary definition of family:
variant combos of these responsibilities: physical maintenance and care, procreation/adoption, socialization of children, social control, production/consumption/distribution of goods and services, affective nurturance
74% of people think family is:
any group whose members love and care for one another
individuals who are not related by blood/marriage/adoption but assume some of benefits/obligations of family life
fictive kin
cohabitational relationships are most common in ____
Nunavut
Divorce Act was changed in 1968 to allow couples to divorce if:
had been separated for at least 3 years, could be no fault (in 1986 changed to at least one year)
what are simple vs complex stepfamilies?
simple means one spouse brings children from other marriage, don’t have kids together; complex means both spouses bring children from other marriage and/or have kids in their marriage
In 2003, __ was the first province to legalize same sex marriage
Ontario
baby boom occurred between ___ and ___
1946; 1965
why the baby boom?
women postponed having children until after war/depression, marriage rate increased, married younger and having more children younger
what are the bioethical issues of reproduction tech?
social inequality due to cost, chldren are not self-determining human beings but instead are commodities bought and sold, children have needs/rights separate from wishes of parents
perspective voiced by religious conservative groups and David Popenoe that emphasizes the disappearance of the traditional family, deterioration of marriage, wellbeing of society at risk
family decline perspective
the people who support this perspective applaud choice and growth in family diversity
family pluralism perspective
spousal/partner abuse is more common in:
common law, Aboriginal, same sex
has the study of families been more empirical or theoretical?
empirical
what is social exchange theory?
assumes people operating on self interest and calculating costs/benefits (most common theory used for studying families)
the comparison of costs and benefits of a particular relationship compared to other ppl who are in similar types of relationships
comparison level
what is comparison level for alternatives?
comparing our relationship to alternative possibilities for our lives
what is relationship equity?
contributions of each party is perceived as fair
marriage cohesiveness depends more on ___ than ___
rewards; alternatives, barriers to divorce
what is family life course development theory?
assumes that families transition thru series of qualitatively diff stages over time, and each stage has diff structures/roles/relationships
decline in relationship quality for transition to parenthood more likely in:
marginalized groups, younger, relationships shorter, deal with avoidant or confrontational manner, unplanned pregnancy
fathers experience __ and mothers experience ___
work-family conflict; family-work spillover
quite a bit of functionalist research in:
gender role differentiation, household division of labour
___ is the topic to which conflict theories is most applied
family violence
This feminist drew attention to fact that there is no single, monolithic family, but a plurality of family forms
Margrit Eichler
this theory focuses on significant others and their differing perceptions of marriage/divorce
symbolic interactionist theory