Chapter 9 Flashcards Preview

Modern World History Unit 3 > Chapter 9 > Flashcards

Flashcards in Chapter 9 Deck (28)
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1
Q

Greatly increased output of machine-used goods that began in England during the 18th century

A

Industrial Revolution

2
Q

Larger fields

A

Enclosures

3
Q

Switching crops every year to preserve the ground

A

Crop Rotation

4
Q

Process of developing machine production of goods

A

Industrialization

5
Q

Resources needed to produce goods and services that the industrial Revolution needed

A

Factors of Production

6
Q

Where wealthy textile merchants set up the machines in large buildings

A

Factories

7
Q

What were the four natural resources needed for British industrialization?

A

Water power and coal to fuel new machines, iron ore to construct machines, tools, and buildings, rivers for inland transportation, and barbers for which it’s merchants set soil

8
Q

How did the enclosure movement change agriculture in England?

A

Landowners tried ene agriculture methods and large landowners forced small farmers to become tenant farmers or to give up farming and move to cities

9
Q

Name two inventions that were crated during the industrial Revolution. Describe the impact.

A

Steam Engine- work faster and more efficiently than other boats
Macadam Road- used in rainy weather, heavy wagons could travel over new roads without sinking, and cotton gin

10
Q

City buildings and movement of people to cities

A

Urbanization

11
Q

Social class of skilled workers, professionals, business workers, and wealthy farmers

A

Middle Class

12
Q

Describe the living conditions in Britain during industrialization.

A

No development plans, no sanitation codes or sickness codes, sickness and disease was rampant

13
Q

How did the middle class transform the social structure of Great Britain during industrialization?

A

Poorer people started to become more wealthy and more powerful

14
Q

How did industrialization affect Manchester’s natural environment?

A

Lack of adequate housing, education, and police protection, no indoor plumbing, garbage out in streets

15
Q

Business owned by stockholders who share its profits but are not personally responsible for its debts

A

Corporation

16
Q

Why were the other European countries slower to industrialize than Britain?

A

Britain had favorable geography, good financial systems, political stability, and natural resources

17
Q

What helps to explain the rise of globally inequality during th industrial revolution?

A

Industrialized countries needed natural resources and customers from less-developed countries. these needs led to imperialism and colonist

18
Q

Defended idea of a free economy

A

Adam Smith

19
Q

Economic policy of letting owners of industries and business set working conditions

A

Laissez-Faire

20
Q

Money invested in business ventures

A

Capitalism

21
Q

People should judge ideas on their own actions

A

Utilitarianism

22
Q

Factors of Production owned by public

A

Socialism

23
Q

Introduced would to a radical type of socialism

A

Karl Marx

24
Q

All land mines, factories, railroads, and businesses owned by people

A

Communism

25
Q

Negotiations between workers and their employees

A

Collective Bargaining

26
Q

Refusing to work

A

Strike

27
Q

What were the two warning classes that Marx and Engels outlines in the Communist Manifesto?

A

Bourgeoise and Proletariat

28
Q

Name two ways women fought for change during the industrial revolution.

A

Formed unions, served as safety inspectors, rallied for abolition of slavery and founded international council of women