Chapter 8: The sans-culottes & the collapse of the constitutional experiment Flashcards Preview

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Flashcards in Chapter 8: The sans-culottes & the collapse of the constitutional experiment Deck (18)
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1
Q

Name some features of the sans-culottes

A
  • working class left wing supporters
  • idolised Danton & Marat
  • support radical policies
  • took major role in revolution from 1792
2
Q

What happened on the Journee of 20 June 1792?

A
  • sans-culottes march to Tuileries with petitions for Louis to rescind vetoes (despite him wearing bonnet rouge) he didn’t rescind them
3
Q

What were some consequences of the 20 June 1792 journee?

A
  • (28 June 1792) Lafayette leaves troops to go to Assembly to demand actions against protesters
  • (11 July 1792) La Patrie en danger issued that called men to join war effort after French retreated
4
Q

What was the Brunswick Manifesto (1 August 1792)? How did affect the people?

A

made by commander of enemy army saying that if King was harmed then all French captors would be killed

This made people distrust the monarchy more and gave them fuel to get rid of it

5
Q

What undermined the constitutional monarchy June - August 1792?

A
  • Journee of 20 June
  • Lafayette’s speech to assembly demanding protesters were punished
  • La Patrie en danger
  • Brunswick Manifesto
  • Robespierre’s speech for republic France
  • Arrival of federes
6
Q

What contributed to the peoples bad relationship with the monarchy?

A
  • vetoes on decrees against ‘traitors’
  • Flight to Varennes
  • threat of invasion from foreign powers
  • Brunswick Manifesto
7
Q

What was the course of the Journee of 10 August 1792?

A

Tuileries Palace was stormed, Louis attempted to take shelter in LA building, but eventually revolutionaries took control of Paris

Revolutionaries removed monarchy and took them to Temple Prison

8
Q

Why was the Journee of 10 August significant? (what did it lead to?)

A
  • Vetoed laws came into force
  • establishment of insurrectionary commune
  • King imprisoned and suspended
  • Assembly passes decrees (divorce legalised, no compensation to feudal lords)
  • New convention announced
9
Q

What were the September Massacres 1792?

A
  • a series of murderous riots in Paris where targets were city prisons
10
Q

Who endorsed September Massacres? What was it endorsed as?

A
  • radical Jacobins eg. Robespierre

- justified as a legitimate revolutionary act

11
Q

Why did September Massacres occur?

A
  • Austro-Prussian invasion (last block in path to capital invaded)
  • If counter revolutionaries in Paris prisons are dead people feel their families will be safe if they join war effort
12
Q

What was the outcome of the September Massacres?

A
  • Girondins blamed Jacobins for inciting violence
  • Assembly seen as weak
  • Radical leaders such as Danton and Robespierre became more popular
13
Q

How did Danton reduce panic in 1792?

A
  • (30 August) house searches for weapons of ill disposed
  • (2nd September) levee enforcing conscription
  • hired spies
  • passed laws to arrest anyone against revolution
14
Q

How much power did Danton have 1792?

A

He had established Insurrectionary Commune & elected by LA to Provisional Executive Council so were at centre of power in 1792

15
Q

What were the 3 bodies of power after August 1792?

A
  • LA: lacked authority & takes orders from IC
  • Provisional Executive Council: 6 man council where Danton is a minister of justice
  • Insurrectionary Commune: seized power in Paris
16
Q

How many radicals won in the election for the Convention?

A
  • More radicals (Jacobin) won as they had no distinction between Active/passive and became popular as assembly were weak
17
Q

Why were Girondins somewhat unpopular in the election for the Convention?

A
  • blamed Jacobins for inciting power so increased split
  • exploited need for stability in their newspaper
  • hostile towards IC & sans-culottes
18
Q

What was the overall outcome of the election for the Convention?

A
  • most deputies belong to the Plain

- Overall more radicals won than Girondins