Chapter 8: Genetics & Breeding Colony Management Flashcards Preview

LAT > Chapter 8: Genetics & Breeding Colony Management > Flashcards

Flashcards in Chapter 8: Genetics & Breeding Colony Management Deck (36)
Loading flashcards...
1
Q

True or False

Ferrets, cats, and rabbits are common laboratory animal species that are induced ovulators

A

True

2
Q

True or False
For the purposes of artificial insemination in small rodents, sperm is collected directly from the testes following euthanasia

A

False

It is collected directly from the ductus deferens and epididymis

3
Q

True or False

A breeding colony, transformation colony, and reproduction colony are needed to establish inbred colonies

A

False

Foundation colony, expansion colony, and production colony

4
Q

True or False

Environmental factors that may affect breeding programs include light cycle, temperature, humidity, and noise

A

True

5
Q

The _____ refers to all genes in an organism

A

Genome

6
Q

A ________ is a fertilized egg

A

Zygote

7
Q

List the five categories of phenotypes

A
1- visible 
2- behavioral
3- demonstrable 
4- inducible 
5- physiological
8
Q

In what type of mating system is one female bred with one male?

A

Monogamous

9
Q

What is the difference between intensive and no intensive breeding?

A

Intensive: the male stays with the female continuously

10
Q

Breeding animals that are unrelated or only distantly related is called ________

A

Outbreeding

11
Q

Breeding animals that are related and have minimum genetic variation is called _______

A

Inbreeding

12
Q

List the four stages of the estrous cycle

A

1- proestrus
2- estrus
3- metestrus
4- diestrus

13
Q

To freeze at very low temperatures embryos, sperm cells, or ovaries

A

Cryopreservation

14
Q

The time from when an egg is fertilized to birth

A

Gestation

15
Q

The Union of eggs and sperm outside the body

A

In vitro fertilization

16
Q

Manually placing semen into the reproductive tract of a female in heat

A

Artificial insemination

17
Q

The birth of the young at the natural end of gestation

A

Parturition

18
Q

Difficult birth

A

Dystocia

19
Q

The long period between breeding seasons in some animal species such as dogs and cats is referred to as _______

A

Anestrus

20
Q

Give the Guide’s definition of animal biosecurity

A

All measures to control known or unknown infections in laboratory animals

21
Q

Embryo _______ involves taking fertilized eggs or embryos from animals that may have pathogens and then surgically implanting them for gestation in to female that is free of pathogens

A

Rederivation

22
Q

________ ovulators only ovulate in response to copulation

A

Induced

23
Q

Genetic testing that can tell which genes an animal possesses

A

Genotyping

24
Q

The animal in which the mutation occurs differs from other animals of that strain, usually by a single mutant gene

A

Coisogenic animal

25
Q

Animal that contains some cells with the new gene and some without the new gene

A

Chimera

26
Q

Mice that have DNA from a different source inserted into their genome

A

Transgenic

27
Q

Original animals with the desired DNA

A

Founders

28
Q

Location of chromosomes

A

Cell nucleus

29
Q

A targeted mutation in which new genes are inserted

A

Knockin

30
Q

Different versions of the same gene

A

Alleles

31
Q

Structures that contains genes

A

Chromosomes

32
Q

Physical traits that are a result of the underlying genetic makeup

A

Phenotype

33
Q

Strain that is constructed by selectively mating an animal carrying the mutation of interest to an inbred animal from a strain of choice

A

Congenic animal

34
Q

Animals used for research

A

Production colony

35
Q

Actual genetic makeup

A

Genotype

36
Q

Strands that form chromosomes

A

DNA