Chapter 8 FITB Flashcards Preview

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Flashcards in Chapter 8 FITB Deck (18)
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1
Q

Nonexperimental research has two main characteristics:

A

No attempt is made to manipulate an independent variable, and some degree of control often must be forfeited during the data collection procedure

2
Q

Although nonexperimental research is called — research, all research is — in that it seeks to find — between variables

A

correlational, correlational, relationships

3
Q

Nonexperimental research methods include

A

observational, archival, case study, and survey

4
Q

The hermeneutic approach to understanding behavior attempts to discover reasons for behavior, rather than causes. It is based on techniques of —

A

textual interpretation

5
Q

Observational research involves recording a subject’s behavior without attempting to —

A

influence it

6
Q

Naturalistic observation involves recording a subject’s behavior in such a way that the behavior is not disturbed by the process of making the observation. Other 2 terms for this are

A

unobtrusive research and nonreactive research

7
Q

Physical trace research is a kind of naturalistic observation that uses — of behavior

A

physical evidence

8
Q

— research is useful in studying small, little-known groups that are not generally open to public view. Observers join the group, take the point of view of the members, and record their observations

A

Participant-observer

9
Q

— poses an ethical problem in participant-observer research. A practical problem is the likelihood that the researcher may influence the group as well as observe it

A

Invasion of privacy

10
Q

— involves the examination of existing records.

Advantages are —

Disadvantages are —

A

Archival research

that the data do not need to be collected by the researcher and that the research afforded may be on problems not amenable to experimentation.

that the researcher is limited to the types of questions asked by the agency that collected the data and by any biases present in the collection procedure

11
Q

— are ad hoc studies of existing situations that are based on a single individual or group of individuals. — take many forms and cannot be neatly classified

A

Case studies

12
Q

Theory development and testing are more flexible and inductive in obser- vational and archival research than in —

A

experimental research

13
Q

Observational and case-study researchers must be systematic in making — but often need to be selective in what they record

A

field notes

14
Q

— content is the objectively measurable content of a text. — content is the content as interpreted by a researcher

A

Manifest, Latent

15
Q

The procedure of a study consists of the steps taken to carry out the method and —

A

design of the study

16
Q

It is advisable to conduct a — before doing the main study

A

pilot study

17
Q

The data should be carefully — so that they can be understood

long after the study is completed

A

managed

18
Q
A