Chapter 8 Flashcards

1
Q

Identify the response that indicates the type of limitations, if any, on manipulation of the independent variable that might influence the researcher to select a non-experimental research design based on the following research question: Does the use of certain tampons cause toxic shock syndrome?

A

Ethical constraints limit manipulation.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

A researcher studying the strategies for breastfeeding mothers to use to reduce, prevent, and manage nipple pain is best described by which of the following types of design?

A

Descriptive

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

Which of the following elements would a researcher expect to find in an experimental study?

A

Manipulation of the independent variable

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

The purpose of a predictive correlation design is to predict the level of

A

the dependent variable versus the independent variables.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

When evaluating a correlational design, which of the following would be included?

A

Large sample
Sample representing all elements of the population
A wide range of values on each measure

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

Control techniques are used in studies by researchers to increase which of the following?

A

Validity

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

Identify the response that indicates the type of limitations, if any, on manipulation of the independent variable that might influence the researcher to select a nonexperimental research design based on the following research question: Does a nurse’s gender affect salary and rate of promotion?

A

Independent variable cannot be manipulated.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

Identify the response that indicates the type of limitations, if any, on manipulation of the independent variable that might influence the researcher to select a nonexperimental research design based on the following research question: Does assertiveness training affect psychiatric nurses’ job performance?

A

Manipulation is possible.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

What type of design validity is concerned with the fit between the conceptual and operational definitions of variables and that the instrument measures what it is supposed to in the study?

A

Construct validity

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

Which of the following are requirements for an experimental study?

A

Control of the intervention
Random sampling
Control group

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

Which of the following is considered the most powerful design a researcher can use to examine causality?

A

Experimental

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

The nurse researcher understands that a type II error may occur because of which of the following?

A

Minimal controls
A small sample
Recently developed scales

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

What is the purpose of replication studies?

A

To extend the generalizability of findings
To establish the credibility of findings
To decrease the acceptance of erroneous results

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

The nurse researcher is attempting to identify the characteristics of a factorial design. Which of the following would be included in this design?

A

Two or more levels of a treatment

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

The nurse researcher is explaining the purpose of control in a study design. This would include which of the following?

A

Increase the probability that the results are true to reality.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

When the nurse is critiquing a study, it is important to identify which of the following possible sources of bias?

A

Purposive sampling

17
Q

The research study has a threat to internal validity when which of the following occurs?

A

A valid rival hypothesis exists.

18
Q

Which of the following statements about cause is incorrect?

A

Most phenomena in nursing can be clearly pinned down to a single cause and a single effect.

19
Q

In a comparison group intervention in a study focused on pain management of migraine headache sufferers, which of the following should be included?

A

The standard treatment or protocol for migraine headaches

20
Q

Which of the following can be inferred from design validity?

A

Study integrity
Whether the study design tests the framework propositions
Presence of threats with serious biases

21
Q

Identify the response that indicates the type of limitations, if any, on manipulation of the independent variable that might influence the researcher to select a nonexperimental research design based on the following research question: Does the use of procedural touch by nursing staff affect patient morale?

A

Practical constraints limit manipulation.

Manipulation is possible.

22
Q

The research study has a type I error that may occur when which of the following occurs?

A

Researcher concludes that there are differences between groups when there is no difference.

23
Q

The statement that heart disease is caused by stress, high cholesterol, gene expression, and dietary patterns reflects which perspective?

A

Multicausality

24
Q

Which intervention should be included in research designs that test causality?

A

Carefully developed to provide the most effective treatment possible

25
Q

The nurse researcher understands that bias is a serious problem in a study because of its effect is to which of the following?

A

Distort the study findings