Chapter 7- Wood Frame Construction Flashcards Preview

Brannigan's Building Construction For The Fire Service- 5th Edition > Chapter 7- Wood Frame Construction > Flashcards

Flashcards in Chapter 7- Wood Frame Construction Deck (58)
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1
Q

Type V construction includes six types of wood frame structures.

A
Balloon frame
Log cabins
Plank and beam
Platform frame
Post and frame
Truss frame
2
Q

Plumbers are often the culprits for starting fires in the walls of __ frame buildings.

A

Balloon

3
Q

The basement of a __ frame building is usually the worst place for a fire to start.

A

Balloon

4
Q

Three stories are typically the limit for __ frame construction.

A

Platform

5
Q

In a balloon frame building, there is structural continuity from top to bottom. In contrast, in the __ frame building, there is no continuity from top to bottom.

A

Platform

6
Q

However, there is one common vertical means of fire spread in both balloon frame and platform frame buildings; the __ __. In single family homes, this is the quickest way for smoke and heat to rise to the top of the home.

A

Open stairwell

7
Q

This type of construction has the positive benefit of reducing the volume of concealed space in which fire can burn shielded from hose streams. The interior finishes used, however, often have high flame spread and smoke developing characteristics.

A

Plank and beam

8
Q

The empire state building weighs 23 pounds per cubic foot, whereas modern high rises weigh as little as __ pounds per cubic foot.

A

8

9
Q

Trusses are most often used as beams, but there are many trussed columns, especially in huge buildings and special purpose structures, such as high energy transmission lines and tall radio towers. The truss satisfies many building requirements:

  • __
  • __
  • __
A
  • It is lighter in weight than solid construction, thus reducing the weight of supporting walls or columns.
  • It provides long clear spans, thus giving maximum flexibility in the use of space.
  • Many trusses, such as lightweight wood trusses and steel bar joists, can be delivered prefabricated.
10
Q

Lightweight wood truss floors are a known hazard to firefighters. Not only is there the hazard of __ __, but the void is also a reservoir for explosive carbon monoxide.

A

Early collapse

11
Q

During a fire, the presence of truss floors may be disclosed by smoke or fire pushing through the wall at the floor line (this is less likely in brick veneered building). The exterior __ plays a critical role in whether this effect is visible.

A

Sheathing

12
Q

Wood truss roofs are just as hazardous to firefighters as lightweight truss floors. In addition to the likelihood of collapse under fire conditions, they present another hazard: they lack the __ __ that is present in legacy construction, meaning that the fire departments roof ladder hooks will hang on the roof deck sheathing rather than a beam.

A

Ridge pole

13
Q

The flammability range of CO is from __-__ %; its ignition temperature is __ degrees F.

A

12.5-74%

1128 degrees F

14
Q

The purpose of these systems is to prevent flashover, save lives, and permit the occupants to escape.

A

Automatic Sprinkler Systems

15
Q

Recent tests of wood I-beams, as discussed in the chapter that reviews the features of fire protection, have shown failure in just over __ minutes in a simulated basement fire at UL, Inc.

A

6

16
Q

Wood __ __, along with lightweight wood __, can be considered the most dangerous of all structural members to fire fighters today.

A

I-Joists

Trusses

17
Q

Firestops typically limit __ movement through relatively small, concealed passages such as under stairs and inside walls.

A

Vertical

18
Q

Firestopping material may consist of at least __ inch nominal lumber, two thicknesses of __ inch nominal lumber with broken up lap joints, or 23/32 inch plywood or other approved materials.

A

2

1

19
Q

Draftstops, in contrast, limit __ movement through large concealed passages such as open web floor trusses or attics.

A

Horizontal

20
Q

Draftstopping may consist of at least __ inch gypsum board, __ inch plywood, sheet metal or other approved materials, usually applied parallel to the main framing members.

A

1/2

3/8

21
Q

__ firestopping is often made from the cut off ends of joints.

A

Wood

22
Q

Also known as gasoline siding, is usually made to look like brick or stone. It is often used as replacement siding over wood. It burns readily and produces dense black smoke.

A

Asphalt felt siding

23
Q

In a bearing wall, __ can be seen, usually every seventh row.

A

Headers

24
Q

Some of the greatest fire disasters in history have been due to the spread of fire by __ shingle roofs.

A

Wood

25
Q

A fireproof roofing shingle that is composed of cement reinforced with asbestos fibers.

A

Asbestos cement shingle

26
Q

A type of siding manufactured by saturating a dry felt with asphalt, then coating it with a fine glass fiber.

A

Asphalt felt siding

27
Q

A wooden structure in which all vertical studs in the exterior bearing walls extend the full height of the frame from sill to roof.

A

Balloon frame

28
Q

A type of siding that uses vertical strips of wood to cover joints.

A

Batten

29
Q

Braces placed between parallel frame members to prevent movement from their vertical axes. Also known as cross bracing.

A

Bridging

30
Q

To cut off the corners of a timber to retard ignition.

A

Chamfer

31
Q

A descriptor for lumber with tongues and grooves at the end.

A

End matched

32
Q

Balloon frame structure finished to resemble post and frame construction.

A

English Tudor

33
Q

Interlocking wood pieces that are glued together to create a longer piece of dimensional lumber.

A

Finger joints

34
Q

Composite of a steel plate or plywood sandwiched between two beams.

A

Flitch plate girder

35
Q

A joist that parallels floor/roof beams and is used to create an opening.

A

Header

36
Q

The rafter at the angle where two sloping roofs or sides of a roof meet.

A

Hip

37
Q

In terms of wood frame construction, the use of solid wood members as opposed to lightweight wood trusses and wooden I-joists.

A

Legacy construction

38
Q

Tongue and grooved lumber (usually lengthwise).

A

Matched lumber

39
Q

Joints that are fitted together to transfer loads properly.

A

Mortise and tenon

40
Q

Used in modern construction, a wood frame structure built with heavier beams and are spaced much farther apart than the traditional 16 inches.

A

Plank and beam

41
Q

A structure in which subflooring is laid on the joists, and the frame for the first floor walls is erected on the first floor.

A

Platform frame

42
Q

A wood frame structure with an identifiable frame or skeleton of timber fitted together. Joints are constructed by mortise and tenon, fitted together to transfer loads properly.

A

Post and frame

43
Q

The chemical decomposition of a compound into one or more other substances by heat alone; pyrolysis often proceeds combustion.

A

Pyrolytic decomposition

44
Q

All of the wood framing members and sheathing of a building. Also known as framing.

A

Rough carpentry

45
Q

Lumber that is left as sawn on all four sides.

A

Rough lumber

46
Q

Component found on the bottom of the frame of a wood structure. It rests on and is bolted to the foundation.

A

Sill

47
Q

False space above built in cabinets, usually in a kitchen, or in the undersides of stairways and projecting eaves.

A

Soffit

48
Q

Wooden strips that fit into grooves in two adjacent planks to make a tight floor.

A

Spline

49
Q

A component of a set of stairs used to support risers (vertical stair components between treads) and treads (horizontal stair components on which people place their feet).

A

Stringers

50
Q

An exterior plaster finish made of Portland cement

A

Stucco

51
Q

Laid on top of the joists, the structural member that serves as the base for the finished floor.

A

Subflooring

52
Q

Top horizontal member of a wood frame wall that supports the ceiling joists.

A

Top plate

53
Q

A piece of lumber that supports a header and can be found in floor openings such as stairwells.

A

Trimmer

54
Q

Wooden peg used to pin together mortise and tenon joints.

A

Trunnel

55
Q

Developed by the U.S. Forest Products Laboratory, a type of wood frame that substitutes sawn beams for truss members used in roofs and floors. It is held together with nails.

A

Truss frame

56
Q

The lower slope formed by the connection of two inclined planes of a roof.

A

Valley

57
Q

Mineral used as bulk insulation and as an aggregate in insulating.

A

Vermiculite

58
Q

A wall bearing building that carries the load of the structure and the contents.

A

Wooden walled building