Chapter 7: Water the Universal Solvent Flashcards Preview

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Flashcards in Chapter 7: Water the Universal Solvent Deck (16)
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1
Q

What is a non-polar covalent bond?

A

is electrically neutral since electrons are shared equally by the atoms in a molecule

2
Q

What is a polar covalent bond?

A

an unequal sharing of electrons, water is a polar covalent molecule
-positive hydrogen end of water molecule is draw to the negative oxygen ends; this forms hydrogen bonds

3
Q

What is Surface Tension?

A

when water is able to cling to itself as well as other surroundings

  • water freezes faster than it thaws
  • forms a crystalline structure in solid state
4
Q

Atmospheric Pressure is what?

A

impacts the boiling and freezing points

- water boils at lower temperatures at high altitudes and at higher temperatures at lower altitudes

5
Q

hat kind of cookies does he like?

A

chocolate chip cookies

6
Q

is water usually found in its pure state?

A

no water is mostly found in its impure state because it is such a great solvent

7
Q

An impurity in water can change its..?

A
  • physical and chemical characteristics
  • flavour and colour
  • boiling and freezing points
  • hydrogen bonding
8
Q

Water transfers heat energy into..?

A

water transfers heat energy into food

9
Q

water boils at a constant what?

A

water boils at a constant temperature

10
Q

Water can be in 3 different forms, what are they?

A
  1. Free water
  2. Bound Water
  3. A Hydrate
11
Q

What is Free Water?

A

is easily separated from food tissue

often contains dissolved compounds, boils and freezes easily

12
Q

What is Bound Water?

A

is tied to a structure of larger molecules, does not easily freeze or boil, chemically reacts as part of a larger molecule

13
Q

What is a Hydrate?

A

s a compound loosely bound with water, must be boiled to be free of water, known as “anhydrous”

14
Q

What is steam?

A

leaves food more flavourful and nutritious than boiling, leavens baked goods

15
Q

What are solid-in-water solutions?

A

if a solid is dissolved in water, chemical properties will be different than pure water
- salt and sugar lower the freezing point and increase the boiling point of water

16
Q

The hydrogen bond is?

A

an intermolecular bond between FON with hydrogen atoms