Chapter 7 Terminology Flashcards

1
Q

Archaeological Culture

A

A regional manifestation within a culture area marked by a particular set of material cultural traits.

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2
Q

Assemblage

A

A collection of artifacts of one or several classes of materials (stone tools, ceramics, bones) that comes from a defined context, such as a site, feature or stratum.

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3
Q

Attribute

A

An individual characteristic that distinguishes one artifact from another on the basis of its size, surface texture, form, material, method of manufacture, and design pattern.

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4
Q

Component

A

An archaeological construct consisting of stratum or set of strata that are presumed to be culturally homogenous. A set of components from various sites in a region will make up a phase.

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5
Q

Functional type

A

A class of artifacts that performed the same function; these may or may not be temporal and/or morphological types.

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6
Q

Morphological Type

A

A descriptive and abstract grouping of individual artifacts whose focus is on overall similarity rather than function or chronological significance.

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7
Q

Mousterian

A

A culture from the Middle Paleolithic (Middle Old Stone Age) period that appeared throughout Europe after 250,000 and before 30,000 years ago. Mousterian artifacts are frequently associated with Neanderthal human remains.

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8
Q

Period

A

A length of time distinguished by particular items of material culture,such as house form, pottery, or subsistence.

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9
Q

Phase

A

An archaeological construct possessing traits sufficiently characteristics to distinguish it from other units similarly conceived; spatially limited to roughly a locality or region and chronology limited to the briefest interval of time possible.

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10
Q

Space-time systematics

A

The delineation of patterns in material culture through time and over space. These patterns are what the archaeologist will eventually try to explain or account for.

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11
Q

Temporal type

A

A morphological type that has temporal significance; also known as a time-marker or index fossil.

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12
Q

Type

A

A class of archaeological artifacts defined by a consistent clustering of attributes.

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13
Q

Typology

A

The systematic arrangement of material culture into types.

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