Chapter 7: Religion up to 1640 Flashcards Preview

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Flashcards in Chapter 7: Religion up to 1640 Deck (22)
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1
Q

What was the Jacobethan balance?

A

Calvinists that were tolerant of other religions to a certain extent. Majority of political nation.

2
Q

When was Laud made Archbishop of Canterbury?

A

1633.

3
Q

What were the two main beliefs of Laudianism?

A

1) Reject predestination.

2) Ritual and ceremony > bible and preaching.

4
Q

What were some physical Laudian measures introduced into churches?

A
  • Communion table moved and used as a Catholic altar.
  • Music.
  • Vestments.
  • No more gentry pews.
  • Decoration eg/ stain glassed windows.
  • Emphasis on ceremony.
5
Q

What was involved in the altar policy (moving of the communion table)?

A
  • Communion table moved to where a Catholic altar would be.
  • Raised by steps.
  • Separated from rest of the church by a rail.
  • Decorated.
6
Q

What were some other Laudian measures (actions more than physical objects)?

A
  • Catechism - list of statements recited like would happen in a Catholic Church.
  • Feoffees for Impropriations Act 1633.
  • Gentry pews removed.
  • Reissue of Book of Sports 1633 - Puritans believed Sunday was solely about God, this book recommended doing sports on Sunday after church.
7
Q

When and what was the Feoffees for Impropriations Act banning?

A

Banned 1633 - money raised to establish Puritan preachers.

8
Q

How were Laudian measures enforced?

A

Visitations from bishops. But how well the measures were actually implicated depended on the local bishops.

9
Q

What legislation enforced Laudian measures?

A

1640 canon laws.

10
Q

What is Patrick Collinson’s definition of Puritans?

A

‘The hotter sort of Protestants’.

11
Q

What are the 4 case studies in which Charles harshly punished Puritans?

A

1) St Gregory’s case.
2) John Williams.
3) Prynne, Burton and Bastwick.
4) John Lilburne.

12
Q

When and what is St Gregory’s case?

A

1633 - parishioners criticised the moving of the communion table. Were brought before the Privy Council.

13
Q

When and what was Puritan John Williams’ punishment?

A

1637 - criticised altar policy ( as altar is a Catholic word). Imprisoned.

14
Q

When and what were Prynne, Burton and Bastwick’s punishments?

A

1637 - criticised church policy. Brought before star chamber, fined £5000 and imprisoned for life.

15
Q

When and what was Puritan John Lilburne’s punishment?

A
  1. Published criticisms of Laudianism. Brought before star chamber, fined, publicly whipped and dragged by a cart to prison.
16
Q

Before Laudianism was imposed, what religion was Scotland?

A

Presbyterian.

17
Q

What was the Act of Revocation?

A

Charles took land from Scottish elite to support Church.

18
Q

What were the Articles of Perth Charles implemented in Scotland?

A

Catholic-like commands eg/ kneeling at communion, private baptism and communions.

19
Q

What about Charles 1633 coronation angered Scots?

A
  • Coronated in a palace in Edinburgh instead of the traditional place.
  • More Catholic ceremony.
20
Q

What did the 1636 canon laws impose on Scotland?

A
  • Altar moved.
  • Ministers had to wear a surplice during communion.
  • Improvised prayer banned - prayer book only.
    Scottish Parliament had no say in any of this.
21
Q

When was the Laudian prayer book introduced in Scotland?

A

1637 - very Catholic - Charles didn’t consult with Scottish Parliament - led to rebellion and civil war.

22
Q

What was millenarianism and who believed it? Why did this become a more popular belief?

A
  • Belief in the end of the world.
  • Protestants.
  • Believed that Laudianism and political crisis was a sign Judgement Day was near.