Chapter 7: Ethnicities Flashcards Preview

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Flashcards in Chapter 7: Ethnicities Deck (20)
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1
Q

Why is ethnicity of interest to geographers?

A
  • trends are constantly changing (pop culture, media, etc.) but ethnicity stands strongest for preserving local diversity
  • where (like culture) they’re distributed
2
Q

Ethnicity

A
  • identity with a group of people who share the cultural traditions of a particular homeland
3
Q

Race

A

identity with a group of people who are perceived to share a physiological trait, such as skin color

4
Q

Nationality

A

identity with a group of people who share legal attachment to a particular country

5
Q

What is a reason as to why a person’s race, nationality, or ethnicity may not be clear cut?

A

The persons two parents may identify with different races, ethnicities, or nationalities.
Also, some individuals are not in a position to identify with one or more of their personal traits.

6
Q

What are some of the challenges associated with collection information about race and ethnicity on the US Census?

A
  • census considers Hispanic to be an ethnicity, so Hispanics get to identify with any race they choose
  • 2010 census grouped black, african american, or negro as a race
  • some black african americans trace their ethnicity to Africa, some don’t
  • ireland & italy are not included in race or ethnicity questions
  • what is the race of “american”?
7
Q

How has the classification of race by the US Census changed over time? What does this tell us about race?

A
  • changes based on politics/science of the time

- tells us that race is socially constructed, dependent on societal values at any given time

8
Q

What are the three most numerous ethnicities in the US?

A

Hispanic American, African American, & Asian American

9
Q

How does Brazil’s census classify people?

A

by skin color (e.g. white, brown, black, yellow) and indigenous

10
Q

How is the legacy of separation laws still evident today in the US and South Africa?

A

US: black housing & schools are in poor, run down areas
South Africa: still very racially divided between blacks & whites, city-center is majority white and blacks are in slums on outskirts

11
Q

Describe the situation of the Kurds.

A
  • Kurd: sunni muslim w/ a language & full culture
  • Turks expand and take over Kurdish territory (1923)
  • now an ethnicity with no state, politically oppressed (spread throughout Turkey, Iraq, Syria, Iran)
12
Q

Describe how the British Isles are an example of the challenges associated with identifying nationalities.

A
  • several thousand islands, w/ four main ethnicities (English, Welsh, Scots & Irish)
  • Ireland & Great Britain are divided into two nationalities (The UK is great britain and northern ireland; the Republic of Ireland is the southern 84% of ireland)
13
Q

What factors contribute to conflict in Western Asia?

A
  • ethnicities (muslim vs christian)
14
Q

How did European colonialism contribute to current ethnic conflict in Africa?

A
  • boundaries created by European countries during late 19th/early 20th century
  • present day boundaries of countries don’t match with ethnic boundaries
15
Q

Describe the situation of ethnic cleansing and genocide in Myanmar, Sudan, and the Democratic Republic of Congo.

A

Myanmar: govt (& buddhist extremists) against Rohingya muslims
Sudan: south (black christian & animists) resist govt attempt to convert country to one nationality tied to muslim traditions; North v south wars result in death of 2 million; sudanese govt crushes dafur rebellion in 2003
DRC: refugees flee rwandan genocide, Rwanda and uganda invade to track them down

16
Q

Ethnic Cleansing

A

policy designed by one ethnic/religious group to remove another ethnic/religious group from a certain area using violence and terror

17
Q

Ethnic Enclave

A

a place with a high concentration of an ethnic group distinct from those in the surrounding area

18
Q

Genocide

A

a premeditated effort to kill everyone from a particular ethnic group

19
Q

Nationalism

A

loyalty and devotion to a nationality

20
Q

Xenophobia

A

prejudice against people from other countries