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Flashcards in Chapter 7 Deck (47)
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0
Q

Race

A

identity with a group of people who share a biological ancestor

1
Q

Ethnicity

A

identity with a group of people who share the cultural traditions of a particular homeland or hearth

2
Q

Triangle slave trade

A
  • Europe to Africa with goods to buy slaves
  • Africa to Western Hemisphere with slaves and gold
  • Western Hemisphere to Europe with sugar and molasses
3
Q

Sharecropper

A

Works fields rented from a landowner and paid the rent by turning over to the landowner a share of crops

4
Q

Racism

A

The belief that race is the primary determinant of human traits and capacities and that racial differences produce an inherent superiority of a particular race

5
Q

Racist

A

A person who subscribes to the beliefs of racism

6
Q

Blockbusting

A

Real estate agents convinced white homeowners living near a black area to sell their houses at a low prices

7
Q

Apartheid

A

the physical separation of different races into different geographic areas

8
Q

Nationality

A

In the US, it identifies citizens of then United States of America, including those born in the country and those who immigrated and became citizens

9
Q

Nation-state

A

A state whose territory corresponds to that occupied by a particular ethnicity that has been transformed into a nationality

10
Q

Self-determination

A

The concept that ethnicities have the right to govern themselves

11
Q

Nationalism

A

Loyalty and devotion to a nationality

12
Q

Centripetal force

A

An attitude that tends to unify people and enhance support for a state

13
Q

Ethnic cleansing

A

A process in which a more powerful ethnic group forcibly removes a less powerful one in order to create an ethnically homogeneous region

14
Q

Balkanized

A

Descriptive of a small geographic area that could not successfully be organized into one or more stable states because it was inhabited by many ethnicities with complex, long-standing antagonisms toward each other

15
Q

Balkanization

A

Process by which a state breaks down through conflicts among its ethnicities

16
Q

Acculturation

A

When one group of people adopt the culture traits of another culture

17
Q

Adaptive strategies

A

strategies that make people adapt to the prevailing culture

18
Q

Assimilation

A

The succession of one race into another

19
Q

Barrio

A

An urban area in a Spanish-speaking country

20
Q

Chain migration

A

Migration of people to a specific location because relatives or members of the same nationality previously migrated there

21
Q

Cultural adaption

A

New people adapt to the culture of the previously existing people

22
Q

Cultural shatterbelt

A

Areas where diverse languages are spoken

23
Q

Ethnic conflict

A

A war between ethnic groups, often as a result of ethnic nationalism

24
Q

Ethnic enclave

A

A neighborhood, district, or suburb which retains some cultural distinction from a larger, surrounding area

25
Q

Ethnic group

A

People of the same race or nationality who share a distinctive culture

26
Q

Ethnic region

A

A region containing a dominant group of people who share the same cultural backgrounds

27
Q

Ethnic homeland

A

A place of origin for a certain ethnicity

28
Q

Ethnic landscape

A

Various ethnic groups that make up a population

29
Q

Ethnic neighborhood

A

An area within a city containing members of the same ethnic background

30
Q

Ethnocentrenism

A

Belief in superiority of one’s own ethnic group

31
Q

Ghetto

A

A poor, densely populated city district occupied by a minority ethnic group linked together by economic hardship and social restrictions

32
Q

Plural society

A

A society combing ethnic contrasts

33
Q

Segregation

A

And social system that provides seperate facilities for minority groups

34
Q

Social distance

A

The distance between different groups of society and is opposed to locational distance

35
Q

Distribution of ethnicities

A

Dependent on race, religion, and culture

36
Q

Sequent occupance

A

Notion that successful societies leave their cultural imprints on a place each contributing to the cumulative cultural landscape

37
Q

Ethnic exclaves

A

A part of a country that is seperated from the rest of the country by ethnicity that is surrounded by different ethnicities

38
Q

Dowry death

A

Disputes over the price to be paid by the family of the bride to the father of the groom (the dowry) have, in some extreme cases, lead to the death of the bride

39
Q

Enfranchisement

A

A statutory right or privilege granted to a person or group by a government

40
Q

Gender

A

The state of being male or female (typically used with reference to social and cultural differences rather than biological ones)

41
Q

Gender gap

A

Difference in political views between men and women

42
Q

Infanticide

A

The act of killing an infant

43
Q

Longevity gap

A

The gap between the life expectancy of men and women

44
Q

Maternal mortality rate

A

Number of deaths per thousand of women giving birth

45
Q

GDP

A

The value of the total number of goods and services produced in a country in a given time period

46
Q

GNP

A

Is similar to GDP except that includes income that people earn abroad