Chapter 6 Vocabulary Flashcards

1
Q

Small, flat, irregularly shaped bones between the flat bones of the skull

A

Sutural bones

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2
Q

Bones which have a complex shape

A

Irregular bones

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3
Q

Small and boxy bones with approximately equal dimensions

A

Short bones

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4
Q

Bones with a thin, flattened shape

A

Flat bones

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5
Q

Elongated bones which consist of a shaft with two ends that are wider than the shaft

A

Long bones

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6
Q

Small, flat bones shaped somewhat like a sesame seed. Except for the patellae (kneecaps), there are individual variations in the location and number of these bones.

A

Sesmoid bones

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7
Q

The extended, tubular shaft of a long bone

A

Diaphysis

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8
Q

Expanded area at the end of each long bone

A

Epiphysis

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9
Q

Connects the shaft of the long bones to the ends of the long bones

A

Metaphysis

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10
Q

Dense bone which is relatively solid

A

Compact bone

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11
Q

Bone which consists of an open network of struts and plates that resembles latticework

A

Spongy bone

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12
Q

Mature bone cells that make up most of the cell population

A

Osteocytes

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13
Q

Cells which produce new bone matrix

A

Osteoblasts

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14
Q

Proteins and other organic components of the bone matrix before calcium salts are deposited

A

Osteoid

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15
Q

The only bone cells that divide. These cells differentiate and develop into osteoblasts.

A

Osteogenic cells

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16
Q

Cells that absorb and remove bone matrix

A

Osteoclasts

17
Q

Osteocytes are arranged in concentric layers around a vascular central canal

A

Osteon

18
Q

Membrane with a fibrous outer layer and a cellular inner layer which covers all bones, except in joint cavities

A

Periosteum

19
Q

An incomplete cellular layer containing osteoblasts, osteogenic cells, and osteoclasts. Lines the medullary cavity.

A

Endosteum

20
Q

Stimulates osteoclast and osteoblast activity; increases blood calcium ion concentrations

A

Parathyroid hormone

21
Q

Inhibits osteoclast activity; promotes calcium loss by kidneys; decreases blood calcium ion concentrations

A

Calcitonin

22
Q

Inadequate ossification resulting in bone loss

A

Osteopenia

23
Q

Reduction in bone loss significant enough to compromise normal function

A

Osteoporosis

24
Q

Composed of the bones of the head, thoracic cage and vertebral column

A

Axial skeleton

25
Q

Composed of the bones of the pectoral girdle, upper limbs, pelvic girdle, and lower limbs

A

Appendicular skeleton