Chapter 6: Enlightenment and Revolution

Question 1

Issac Newton explained the…

Answer 1

Law of Universal Gravitation

Question 2

The heliocentric, or sun-centered, theory was proposed by…

Answer 2

Nicholas Copernicus

Question 3

European art of the 1600s and early 1700s was dominated by a grand, ornate style called…

Answer 3

baroque

Question 4

In general the philosophes believed…

Answer 4

progress for society

Question 5

Francis Bacon helped to develop…

Answer 5

the scientific method

Question 6

The philosophes influenced Catherine the Great’s…

Answer 6

proposal on reforms to Russia’s laws

Question 7

Frederick II supported…

Answer 7

the freedom of worship

Question 8

How did the Baroque style and the neoclassical style differ?

Answer 8

Baroque was grand and ornate; neoclassical was simple and elegant

Question 9

What did Andreas Versalius and Voltaire both do…

Answer 9

challenge preexisting ideas

Question 10

How did Zacharias Janssen make Anton van Leeuwenhoek’s discovery possible…

Answer 10

he invented the microscope

Question 11

What did the Catholic Church ban…

Answer 11

the Encyclopedia

Question 12

What is true of the neoclassical style of art…

Answer 12

emphasized elegance and simplicity

Question 13

What reflects the neoclassical style…

Answer 13

a church built in a simple elegant style

Question 14

What was caused by the Scientific Revolution…

Answer 14

improvements in medicine and scientific instruments

Question 15

What was the law of universal gravitation…

Answer 15

all physical objects are affected equally by the same forces

Question 16

What are the correct sequence of steps used in the scientific process…

Answer 16

Observation, Question, Hypothesis, Experimentation, Conclusion

Question 17

How did the Enlightenment ideas influence the arts and literature in Europe during the 1700s? Give examples

Answer 17

Art and Literature were in a vulnerable state around the time of the Enlightenment in the 1700s. The world was so full of ideas and newly acquired knowledge , that all thoughts were soon becoming popularly displayed in art forms or books of literature. People, mainly women gathered in salons, or large drawing rooms, to host a discussion time for great intellects, to deliberate on Enlightenment thoughts and ideas. One of the biggest works was Diderot’s Encyclopedia, it held many articles that included Enlightenment views and started being published in 1751. By the use of salons and the Encyclopedia, Enlightenment ideas spread all of Europe to educate people. The surge of Enlightenment ideas was almost uncontrollable and even spread through documents such as newspapers, pamphlets, and even political songs. The middle classes attention was immediately captured by the Enlightenment, for they could support the work of many intellects and were very excited for the highly captivating Enlightenment ideas.