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Flashcards in Chapter 6 Deck (18)
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1
Q

information processing approaches

A

approaches to cognitive development that seek to identify the ways that individuals take in, use, and store information

2
Q

automatization

A

is the degree to which an activity requires attention

3
Q

sensory store

A

the initial, momentary storage of information, lasting only an instant

4
Q

short-term memory

A

the short-duration, limited-capacity memory component in which selected input from the memory store is worked on

5
Q

working memory

A

a set of temporary memory stores that actively manipulate and rehearse information

6
Q

long-term memory

A

the memory component in which information is stored on a relatively permanent basis

7
Q

attention

A

information processing involving the ability to strategically choose among and sort out different stimuli in the environment

8
Q

planning

A

is the ability to allocate attentional resources on the basis of goals that one wishes to achieve

9
Q

Attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD)

A

is marked by inattention, impulsiveness,a low tolerance for frustration, and generally a great deal of inappropriate activity

10
Q

infantile amnesia

A

the lack of memory for experiences that occurred prior to 3 years of age

11
Q

autobiographical memory

A

memory of particular events from one’s own life

12
Q

scripts

A

general representations in memory of a sequence or series of events

13
Q

metamemory

A

an understanding about the processes that underlie memory, which emerges and improves during middle childhood

14
Q

mnemonics

A

formal strategies for organizing material in ways that make it more likely to be remembered

15
Q

encoding specificity phenomenon

A

people are more likely to recall information in environments that are similar to those which they initially learned

16
Q

visualize

A

making mental images of ideas can help you recall them later

17
Q

rehearse

A

practicing what you wish to recall

18
Q

critical thinking

A

thinking that makes use of cognitive skills and strategies that increase the likelihood of solving problems, forming inferences, and making decisions appropriately and successfully