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Community Psychology > Chapter 6 > Flashcards

Chapter 6 Flashcards

1
Q

basking in reflected glory

A

The tendency to enhance one’s image by publicly announcing one’s association with those who are successful

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2
Q

Collectivism

A

Putting group goals ahead of personal goals and defining one’s identity in terms of the groups to which one belongs

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3
Q

downward social comparison

A

The defensive tendency to compare oneself with someone whose troubles are more serious than one’s own

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4
Q

Explanatory style

A

The tendency to use similar causal attributions for a wide variety of events in one’s life.

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5
Q

External attributes

A

Ascribing the causes of behavior to situational demands and environmental constraints

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6
Q

Impression management

A

Usually conscious efforts to influence the way others think of one

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7
Q

Individualism

A

Putting personal goals ahead of group goals and defining one’s identity in terms of personal attributes rather than group memberships.

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8
Q

ingratiation

A

Efforts to make oneself likable to others.

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9
Q

Internal attributes

A

Ascribing the causes of behavior to personal dispositions, traits, abilities, and feelings rather than to external events.

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10
Q

Possible selves

A

One’s conceptions about the kind of person one might become in the future.

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11
Q

Public self

A

An image presented to others in social interactions

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12
Q

Reference group

A

A set of people who are used as a gauge in making social comparisons

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13
Q

Self attributes

A

Inferences that people draw about the causes of their own behavior.

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14
Q

Self-concept

A

A collection of beliefs about one’s basic nature, unique qualities, and typical behavior

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15
Q

Self-defeating behaviors

A

Seemingly intentional acts that thwart a person’s self–interest

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16
Q

Self-discrepancy

A

The mismatching of self–perceptions

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17
Q

Self-efficacy

A

One’s belief about one’s ability to perform behaviors that should lead to expected outcomes

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18
Q

Self-enhancement

A

The tendency to maintain positive views of oneself

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19
Q

Self-esteem

A

One–s overall assessment of one–s worth as a person; the evaluative component of the self–concept

20
Q

Self-handicapping

A

The tendency to sabotage one’s performance to provide an excuse for possible failure

21
Q

Self-monitoring

A

The degree to which people attend to and control the impressions they make on others

22
Q

Self-regulation

A

Directing and controlling one’s behavior.

23
Q

Self-serving bias

A

The tendency to attribute one’s successes to personal factors and one’s failures to situational factors

24
Q

Self-verification theory

A

People prefer to receive feedback from others that is consistent with their own self–views

25
Q

Social comparison theory

A

The idea that people need to compare themselves with others in order to gain insight into their own behavior.

26
Q

Advertisers of personal care products are tapping into the ________ motive.

a. self-enhancement 

b. self-improvement	
c. self-assessment	
d. self-verification
A

B

27
Q

Social context affects self-concept in all of the following ways except:

a. being less self-conscious in some situations. 

b. how people think and feel about others.	
c. a situation can indirectly affect self-concept.	
d. only aspects of self that are central to who you are will be affected.
A

D

28
Q

Which of the following statements is not true about the self-concept?
A. It is composed of one dominant belief about the self.
B. It is composed of many self-beliefs
C. It is relatively stable over time
D. It influences present as well as future behavior.

A

A

29
Q 
Mismatches between one's actual and ought selves result in lower self-esteem and
A. Dejection-related feelings
B. Agitation-related feelings
C. Feelings of self-enhancement
D. No particular feelings
A

B

30
Q 
A person reared in a collectivist culture is likely to have a(n) \_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_ self-view, whereas a person reared in an individualistic culture is likely to have a(n) \_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_ self-view
A. Self-discrepant/ self-consistent
B. Self-consistent/ self-discrepant
C. Independent/ interdependent
D. Interdependent/ independent
A

D

31
Q

Hazel Markus

A

Possible selves

32
Q

Roy Baumeister

A

Self concept confusion individuals with low self-esteem don’t know themselves well enough to strongly endorse many person attributes on self-esteem tests.

33
Q

Albert Bandura

A

Efficacy beliefs vary according to the person’s skills

34
Q

What are the three categories of self-defeating behavior?

A

Deliberate self-destruction, Trade-offs, counterproductive strategies

35
Q

Mark Snyder

A

People vary in their awareness of how they are perceived by others (self-monitoring_

36
Q 
Low self-esteem is associated with
A. Happiness
B. High trust of others
C. Self-concept confusion
D. Recovering after failure experiences
A

C

37
Q

People who attribute their setbacks to internal, stable, and global factors are exhibiting a(n) ________ explanatory style.

a. irrational 

b. coherent	
c. pessimistic	
d. optimistic
A

c

38
Q

The self-concept that you have in mind at a given time is referred to as a ________ self-concept.

a. recent 

b. working	
c. public	
d. possible
A

/b

39
Q

Your friend Tyra has decided to postpone starting business school for two years in order to help her family operate their small hardware store during her dad’s illness. She is exhibiting a characteristic behavior of persons from a(n) ________ culture.

a. individualistic 

b. collectivistic	
c. behavioristic	
d. humanistic
A

B

40
Q

Which of the following is NOT a coping technique used to deal with self-discrepancies?

a. Consuming alcohol 

b. Being more optimistic about your actual abilities	
c. Avoiding situations that increase self-awareness	
d. Changing behaviors to be more in line with personal standards
A

B

41
Q

Which of the following is consistent with the self-serving bias?

a. The tendency to attribute one

’

s successes to situational factors 

b. The tendency to attribute one's successes to the ease of the task	
c. The tendency to attribute one's failures to situational factors	
d. The tendency to attribute one's failures to dispositional factors
A

C

42
Q

4 parenting styles in Baumrind’s parental classification system-

A

Authortarian, Authortative, Neglectful, and Permissive

43
Q

Coping with self-discrepencies

A

change behavior, blunt self awareness

44
Q

Trait self esteem

A

confidence regarding abilities and characteristics

45
Q

State self esteem

A

dynamic and changeable

46
Q

Sociometer theory

A

self esteem is actually a subjective measure of one’s interpersonal popularity and success

Community Psychology (6 decks)

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