Chapter 5 - Social Structure, Groups and Organizations Flashcards Preview

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Flashcards in Chapter 5 - Social Structure, Groups and Organizations Deck (30)
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1
Q

Status Set

A

A set of statuses an individual will hold at a given time. (Example: When at home @4:30 pm I am an American, Salvadorian, Father, Husband, son in law, uncle.)

2
Q

Master Status

A

A particular status that stands out among all the others you occupy and shapes how you and others view you. (Example: Doctors are seen with lots of respect to patients and themselves.)

3
Q

Roles

A

Different expectations of behavior associated to a status. One status has a set of roles (role sets) to define it. (Example: Father (status), is caring, nurturing, understanding, (roles)).

4
Q

Prescribed Role

A

Roles assigned to a status by society.

5
Q

Role perception

A

Our own individual perception of a certain role.

6
Q

Role Performance

A

The difference between prescribed role and our own role perception. (How a person behaves in contrast to how society thinks they should act.

7
Q

Status

A

A socially defined position that an individual occupies.

8
Q

Role Ambiguity

A

When expectations associated with a particular social status are unclear.

9
Q

Role Strain

A

Results from a single role overload or from contradictory demands placed on a given status. (Example: roles of a student having to get straight A’s is a strain on having to study a lot.)

10
Q

Role conflict

A

When two or more roles of different statuses contradict each other. (example: When teens want to be good and please their parents but also want to please their friends who want to do bad things.)

11
Q

Pattern Variables

A

Sets of contrasting role expectations regarding judgement, emotions, depth of the relationship, self or collective focus and The extent to which ascribed or achieved statuses guide the relationship. (how much feeling importance you’re going to give someone).

12
Q

Universalism vs Particularism

A

How much favoritism you will be giving to someone.

Universalism - How you would treat EVERYONE!! Not treating anyone differently. (Teachers and Students)

Particularism - Showing favor to someone. (Parent and child)

13
Q

Affective neutrality vs Affectivity (instrumentalism vs emotion)

A

The amount of emotion that will be given to a relationship

Affective neutrality - showing no emotion (Doctor to patient)

Affectivity - Showing lots of emotion (Husband to Wife).

14
Q

Specificity vs diffuseness

A

How much focus, scope, purpose, you will put into a relationship

Specificity - narrow range of subjects (a doctor needed for health)

Diffuseness (spreading) - Wide range of subjects (Friends can be there for advice on any subject, love, health, entertainment, etc…)

15
Q

Self orientation vs Collective Orientation

A

How much interest is going to be on ourselves or the group

Self orientation - (I will vote on what I want)

Collective Orientation - (making a decision like to work overtime to help the group finish a project.)

16
Q

Ascription vs achievement

A

A relationship that has been achieved or born into.

Ascription - The way you would treat your mother because she is your mother.

Achievement - the way you would treat a friend that has earned respect and love.

17
Q

Social group

A

A group where two or more people physically or socially interact.

18
Q

Social Group

A

A group of people where you socialize and interact with each other. (Example: soccer team, classmates, family, church group)

19
Q

Non-social group

A

A group where no one is social or interacting, like statistical group or categorical group. (Stuck in a traffic jam you would be in the group of people stuck in traffic). (In studies you are in a grouped based on your race, gender, age. You don’t know who else is in the group but you are considered part of it.)

20
Q

Limited social groups

A

Aggregate groups - where people are together in a place but interact very little and sporadically (line at a store).
Associational or organizational groups- A group of people who join together to pursue a common interest in an organized formal structured way (church, Walk for cancer- don’t necessarily know all of them).

21
Q

Social group

A

Involves the following 1) some type of interaction, 2) a sense of belonging or membership, 3) shared interests or agreement to norms and goals, 4) a structure that is definable. (Soccer team -1) play together, 2) joined a team, 3) to win games, 4) game rules, practice rules. )

22
Q

Primary Group

A

Small informal groups of people who interact in a personal, direct, and intimate way. (Family, friends)

23
Q

Secondary Group

A

A group whose members interact in a impersonal manner, have few emotional ties, and come together for a specific purpose (group of students, coworkers)

24
Q

In group

A

Anyone in your group

25
Q

Out group

A

Anyone not in your group (not cool people)

26
Q

relative deprivation

A

Feeling deprived of something on a comparative basis. (When you don’t get a raise compared to other workers doing the same thing as you.)

27
Q

6 changes when groups increase in size

A

1) Members interactions
2) Division of labor
3) Structure becomes more rigid and formal
4) need of formal leadership increases
5) communication patterns change
6) group cohesion decreases

28
Q

Instrumental Leaders

A

Leaders who direct people and makes group decisions. Goal oriented.

29
Q

Expressive leaders

A

Resolve conflicts and create group harmony and social cohesion.

30
Q

Institutions

A

A stable cluster of values, norms, statuses, and roles that develops around a basic social goal.