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Flashcards in Chapter 5- Classification Of Biodiversity Deck (18)
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1
Q

What were the series of congresses called? What did they agree?

A

Botanical Congresses (IBC)- that 1753 be taken as the starting point for both genera and species of plants/ fungi

2
Q

How does the binomial system work?

A

First name = genus- a group of species that share certain characteristics
Second name = the species or specific name

3
Q

What are the 4 rules of the binomial system?

A

1) the genus name begins with an upper case letter and the species name begins with a lower case
2) in type print or text, a binomial is shown in italics
3) after a binomial has been used it can be abbreviated to initial letter of genus and full name of species
4) earlier publishes name is 1753 onwards, 1758 for animals

4
Q

How do taxonomists classify species?

A

Using a hierarchy of taxa

5
Q

What is a taxa?

A

Species are arranged into taxa- going up the hierarchy KPCOFGS the taxa includes larger number of species

6
Q

What are all organisms classified into?

A

3 domains

7
Q

What are the 3 domains?

A

Bacteria
Archaea
Eukaryota

8
Q

Why aren’t viruses classified in any of the three domains?

A

They do have genes for coding for proteins using the same genetic code as living organisms they have too few of the characteristics of life to be regarded as living organisms

9
Q

What is the principle taxa for classifying eukaryotes

A

Kingdom, phylum, class, order , family, genus , species

10
Q

What do genus and accompanying higher taxa consist of?

A

Of all of the species that have evolved from one common ancestral species

11
Q

What do taxonomists sometimes do?

A

Sometimes reclassify groups of species when new evidence shows that a precious taxing contains species that have evolved from different ancestral species

12
Q

What does natural classification do?

A

Helps in the identification of species and allows the prediction of characteristics shared by species within a group

13
Q

2 specific advantages of natural classification - what’s the 1st?

A

Identification of species is easier - if a specimen of an organism is found and it is not obvious what species it is it can be assigned to a kingdom then go down the taxas

14
Q

2 specific advantages of natural classification - what’s the 2nd?

A

Because all the members of a group in natural selection has evolved from a common ancestral species, they inherit similar characteristics- allows for predication of the characteristics of species within a group

15
Q

What are the 4 main types of plant phyla?

A

1) Bryophyta - mosses, liverworts and hornworts
2) filicinophyta- ferns
3) coniferophyta- conifers
4) angiospermsphyta- flowering plants

16
Q

What are the 6 phyla of animals?

A

1) Porifera- sponges
2) Cnidaria - jellyfish, corals etc
3) Platyhelminthes - worms
4) mollusca- snails
5) Annelida- leeches etc
6) Arthropoda- insects, arachnids , crustaceans, myriapods

17
Q

What are the 5 groups of vertebrates

A
Birds
Mammals
Amphibians
Reptiles
Fish
18
Q

What is the binomial system?

A

System of names for species that is universal among biologists and has been agreed and developed at a series of congresses

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