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Flashcards in Chapter 5 Deck (44)
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1
Q

All food directly or indirectly comes from plants that capture the sun’s energy.

A

True

2
Q

Protein enzymes, minerals, and vitamins all mediate metabolic funcitons.

A

True

3
Q

Dietary fiber, cholesterol, fat, and trans fats are essential nutrients.

A

False

4
Q

Globally, it is estimated that about 2 million deaths occur each year due to a combination of malnutrition and undernutrition.

A

False

5
Q

In 2008, about 14.6 percent of American households reported being food insecure.

A

True

6
Q

The patterns of food consumption for Americans has remained constant for the past century.

A

False

7
Q

Americans consume more milk than soft drinks.

A

False

8
Q

In the early 1900s, chickens were fed only limited grains

A

True

9
Q

Over the past few decades, Americans have been spending a declining percentage of their monetary budgets on food.

A

True

10
Q

Two-thirds of American adults are classified as obese.

A

False

11
Q

White flour is a whole grain product.

A

False

12
Q

Consumption of red meat has increased in the last 30 years.

A

False

13
Q

Total added sweetener consumption has increased by 25 percent since the 1970s.

A

True

14
Q

It presently take 9 kilograms of fuel to produce 1 kilocalorie of food in the United States

A

True?

15
Q

Oils are lipids derived from animals, whereas fats are extracted from plants.

A

False

16
Q

The energy we consume as food is measured in what unit?

A

calorie

17
Q

The average DRI for number of calories for women is:

A

2,200

18
Q

Which component should comprise the least amount of a person’s diet according to MyPyramid?

A

oils

19
Q

How many more calories per day does the average American now consume compared to 1970?

A

600

20
Q

Which of the following is most likely to be a health risk as a result of obesity?

A

high blood pressure

21
Q

Which comprises the majority of a whole grain kernel?

A

endosperm

22
Q

The most consumed vegetable in the United States is:

A

potatoes

23
Q

The most consumed fruit group in the United States is:

A

citrus

24
Q

Which country pays the least per capita income on food?

A

United States

25
Q

What percentage of energy worldwide used by humans comes from biomass crops?

A

5 percent

26
Q

The leading crop used for ethanol production is:

A

corn

27
Q

Biodiesel can be produced from:

A

soybean

28
Q

Nutrients from plants and animal sources consumed by humans are used for __________,____________, and ___________________.

A

energy, structure, and metabolism

29
Q

___________ refers to all the biochemical reactions throughout the body and their regulation.

A

NO IDEA

30
Q

_____________________ is when one or more essential nutrients are lacking even though caloric intake is suffient.

A

Malnutrition

31
Q

_____________________ is desribed as an insufficient number of calories to maintain the daily energy requirement.

A

Undernutrition

32
Q

The process of making white flour from the wheat grain is called ____________.

A

Refining

33
Q

Whole grain products include _____________, _______, and _______ of the grain kernal.

A

endosperm, bran, and germ

34
Q

When refined flour products have nutrients added back, they are _______________.

A

Enriched

35
Q

______ __________ chickens are raised on pasture and forage for insects with some supplementation of grains to their diets.

A

Free range

36
Q

Most of the corn ethanol refineries are location in the ___________ region of the United States.

A

Midwest

37
Q

One of the primary byproducts from corn ethanol production is _____________ grains.

A

Distillers

38
Q

Grains have shown a(n)

A

Increase in consumption

39
Q

Fats and Oils have shown a(n)

A

Increase in consumption

40
Q

Added sugars have shown a(n)

A

Increase in consumption

41
Q

Fruits and vegetables have shown a(n)

A

Increase in consumption

42
Q

Meats have shown a(n)

A

Increase in consumption

43
Q

Eggs have shown a(n)

A

Decrease in consumption

44
Q

Dairy Products have shown a(n)

A

Decrease in consumption