Chapter 4 Nucleosides/Nucleotides (NEED TO KNOW) Flashcards

1
Q

Nucleosides have a _____ and a ______

A

Nitrogenous base and a ribose sugar

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2
Q

Nucleotides are simply a ______ with one or more ____ attached

A

Nucleoside; phosphate groups

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3
Q

What is Adenine composed of?

A

A nitrogenous base

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4
Q

What is Adenosine composed of?

A

A nitrogenous base with a ribose sugar

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5
Q

What is adenosine-5-monophosphate composed of?

A

A Nitrogenous base, a ribose sugar, and a high energy phosphate bond

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6
Q

What is adenosine-5-diphosphate composed of?

A

A Nitrogenous base, a ribose sugar, and a high energy diphosphate bond

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7
Q

What is adenosine-5-triphosphate composed of?

A

A Nitrogenous base, a ribose sugar, and a high energy triphosphate bond

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8
Q

Adenine is also known as a_____

A

Purine base

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9
Q

Adenosine is also known as a ______

A

Nucleoside

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10
Q

Adenosine-5-monophosphate is also known as a _____

A

Nucleotide

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11
Q

Adenosine-5-diphosphate is also known as a _____

A

Nucleotide

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12
Q

Adenosine-5-triphosphate is also known as a _____

A

Nucleotide

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13
Q

Identify this sturcture

A

Adenine

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14
Q

Identify this structure

A

Guanine

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15
Q

Identify this structure

A

Cytosine

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16
Q

Identify this structure

A

Uracil

17
Q

Identify this structure

A

Thymine

18
Q

What is a required coenzyme for nucleoside/nucleotide synthesis and repair of DNA?

A

Folic Acid

19
Q

What is a required coenzyme for methylation reactions?

A

Folic Acid

20
Q

What is a required coenzyme for replication and growth of RBC?

A

Folic Acid

21
Q

In the pyrimidine synthesis in DNA, what is folic acid utilized for?

A

To methylate the dUMP (deoxy uracil monophosphate)

22
Q

Where is Folic acid important in pyrimidine synthesis?

A

The dUMP of DNA

23
Q

What is a pyrimidine analogue of dUMP, and blocks production of dTDP?

A

Gluorodeoxyuridine (FdUMP)

24
Q

What can be used as an antibiotic because it is converted into an active “nuceloside or nucleotide” only in bacteria?

A

Fluorocyotsine

25
Q

What are the two chemotherapy agents which act by blocking folate addition to purine rings?

A

Aminopterin & Methotrexate

26
Q

What is the primary cause of hyperuricenmia?

A

Renal underexcretion of uric acid