Chapter 4 -- Bacterial Taxonomy Flashcards Preview

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Flashcards in Chapter 4 -- Bacterial Taxonomy Deck (12)
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1
Q

Bergey’s Manual of DETERMINATIVE Bacteriology

A
  • Five volumes, covering ALL known prokaryotes
  • based on PHENOTYPIC characteristics
  • volumes determined by CELL WALL composition
  • for MEDICAL USE, by doctors
    • restricted to bacterial disease agents
2
Q

Bergey’s Manual of SYSTEMIC Bacteriology

A
  • five volumes
  • based on GENOTYPE (rRNA) characteristics
  • phylogenetic system (evolutionary relationships)

of note: 2nd edition – based on rRNA sequencing ONLY, so classified together b/c they have similar sequencing

3
Q

Domain Archaea

A

“odd bacteria” – primitive, adapted to extreme habitats and modes of nutrition
– more closely r/t eukarya to to bacteria, contain unique genetic sequencing in their rRNA

4
Q

Domain Bacteria

A

“normal bacteria”

  • phylum proteobacteria (gram-negative cell walls - rickettsias, enterics, vibrios)
  • phylum firmicutes (mainly gram-positive with low G+C content - bacillus, clostridium, staphylococcus, streptococcus)
  • phylum actinobacteria (gram-postive with high G+C content - corynebacterium, mycobacterium, micrococcus, streptomyces)
  • phylum chlamydiae (chlamydia, chlamydophila)
  • phylum spirochaete (treponema, borrelia, leptospira)
5
Q

Halophiles

A

part of Domain Archaea – lovers of salt

6
Q

Acidophiles

A

part of Domain Archaea – lovers of acid

7
Q

Thermophiles

A

part of Domain Archaea – lovers of heat

8
Q

Rickettsias

A
  • very tiny, gram negative bacteria
  • rod shaped
  • most are pathogens
  • obligate intracellular pathogens (must be in a host cell)
  • transmitted by arthropod vectors
  • fever & rash
  • Rickettsia rickettisii – spread by ticks - “Rocky Mountain spotted fever”
  • Rickettsia prowazekii – spread by louse (lice) - “Epidemic Typhus”
9
Q

Chlamydias

A

-tiny
-coccoid
-obligate intracellular parasites
-not transmitted by arthropods, but by air or contact, including sexual
-2 species:
1. Chlamydia trachomatis – urogenital infections, trachoma (preventable blindness), conjunctivits, pneumonia
2. Chlamydophila pneumoniae & psittaci
I \
bronchitis, pneumonia, sinusitis I
(occurs more in college students) I
I
/
pneumonia, spread by parrots and parakeets

10
Q

Phenotype

A

usually observable things – these things are influenced by DNA & environment

11
Q

Genotype

A

determined by DNA

12
Q

Classification Criteria for Prokaryotes

A

Phenotypic: morphology, arrangement, staining, colony appearance, chemical reactions, serological analysis
Genotypic: genetic and molecular analysis