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Flashcards in Chapter 4 Deck (30)
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1
Q

Language

A

system of symbols (words) that are used to think about and communicate experiences and feelings

2
Q

denotative meeting

A

basic, consistently accepted defintion

3
Q

connotative meaning

A

emotional or attitudinal response to a word

4
Q

cognitive language

A

system of symbols you use to describe people, things and situations in your mind

5
Q

grammar

A

system of rules for creating words, phrases and sentences in a particular language

6
Q

phonological rules

A

how words should be pronounced

7
Q

syntactic rules

A

placement of words in a sentence

8
Q

communication acquisition

A

requires we learn individual words in a language but also how to use the language appropriately and effectively in various contexts

9
Q

informing

A

using language to give and receive information;

includes: questioning, describing, reinforcing, withholding

10
Q

imagining

A

ability to think, play, and be creative in common

11
Q

ritualizing

A

learning the rules for managing conversations and relationships

12
Q

abstraction ladder

A

a way to illustrate the specific vs. general levels of abstraction

13
Q

evasion

A

avoid providing specific details

14
Q

equivocation

A

use words that have unclear or misleading definitions

15
Q

euphemisms

A

offensive words or phrases that substitute for terms that might be upsetting (ex. “passed on” instead of “died”)

16
Q

slang

A

informal language, nonstandard, particular to a specific group

17
Q

jargon

A

technical language specific to members of a given profession or interest group or hobby

18
Q

semantics

A

relationship among symbols, objects, people and concepts - refers to meaning that words have for people

19
Q

pragmatics

A

ability to use culture’s symbols appropriately

20
Q

biased language

A

words with subtle meanings that influence our perceptions about the subject

21
Q

politically correct language

A

replacing language with more neutral terms

22
Q

profanity

A

words or expressions considered insulting, vulgar, rude or disrespectful

23
Q

civility

A

social norm for appropriate behavior

24
Q

speech repertoires

A

sets of language behaviors, use which one is most effective and appropriate to meet the demands of a situation

25
Q

high language

A

formal, polite

26
Q

low language

A

informal, easygoing, using slang, when you’re in a more comfortable environment

27
Q

Sapir-Whorf hypothesis

A

words a culture uses or doesn’t use influence the thinking of people in that culture

28
Q

linguistic determinsim

A

language influences how we see the world around us

29
Q

linguistic relativity

A

speakers of different languages have different views of the world

30
Q

code/style switching

A

types of accommodation in which communicators change their regular language and slang, as well as their tone, pitch, rhythm, and inflection to fit into a particular group