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A&P2 > Chapter 30 > Flashcards

Chapter 30 Flashcards

1
Q

the primary sex organs

A

testes and ovaries

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2
Q

the sex hormones in men

A

Androgens

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3
Q

the sex hormones in women

A

Estrogens and progesterone

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4
Q

term for sex cells

A

gametes

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5
Q

the accessory reproductive organs

A

ducts, glands, and external genitalia

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6
Q

role of sex hormones

A
  • development and function of reproductive organs
  • sexual behavior and drives
  • growth of other organs and tissues
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7
Q

R- function of the dartos muscle

A

wrinkles the scrotal skin for temperature regulation

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8
Q

function of the cremaster muscles

A

elevates the testes

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9
Q

the 2 tunics that surround the testes

A

tunica vaginalis

tunica albuginea

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10
Q

what divides the testes into 250-300 lobules

A

the septa

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11
Q

the male copulatory organ

A

the penis

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12
Q

where does sperm gain its motility?

A

the epididymis

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13
Q

another word for foreskin

A

prepuce

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14
Q

R- function of Sertoli cells

A
  • Provide nutrients and signals to dividing cells

- Dispose of excess cytoplasm sloughed off during spermiogenesis

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15
Q

3 regions of the sperm

A

head
midpiece
tail

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16
Q

what hormone causes Steroli cells to release androgen-binding protein?

A

FSH

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17
Q

what is the function of androgen binding protein (ABP)?

A

makes spermatogenic cells receptive to testosterone

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18
Q

another word for Sertoli cells

A

sustentacular cells

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19
Q

another word for Leydig cells

A

insterstitial cells

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20
Q

what hormone stimulates Leydig cells to release testosterone?

A

LH (luteinizing hormone)

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21
Q

what is the final trigger for spermatogenesis?

A

testosterone

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22
Q

what releases gonadotropin releasing hormone (GnRH)?

A

hypothalamus

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23
Q

2 gonadotropins released by the anterior pituitary

A

FSH

LH

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24
Q

what stimulates the anterior pituitary to release FSH and LH?

A

Gonadotropin-releasing hormone (GnRH)

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25
Q

the most common bacterial STD in the united states

A

chlamydia trachomatis

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26
Q

the bacteria that causes syphilis

A

treponema pallidum

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27
Q

3 accessory glands of male reproduction

A
  • seminal vesicles
  • prostate
  • bulbourethral or Cowper’s gland
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28
Q

the system of ducts that deliver sperm to the exterior?

A

Epididymis, ductus deferens, ejaculatory duct, and the urethra

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29
Q

what do the acessory sex glands do?

A

Empty secretions into the ducts during ejaculation

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30
Q

what layer is the white coat that surround the testes?

A

Tunica albuginea

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31
Q

path of sperm through the testes

A 
Seminiferous tubules
Tubulus rectus
Rete testis
Efferent tubules
Epididymis
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32
Q

cells outside the seminiferous tubules that produce androgens

A

Interstitial (Leydig) cells

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33
Q

what anchors the penis to the pubic arch

A

Crura

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34
Q

where a vasectomy is done

A

Ductus deferens

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35
Q

function of the ductus deferens

A

propel sperm during ejaculation

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36
Q

what joins the ductus deferens to form the ejaculatory duct?

A

seminal vesicle

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37
Q

what 2 things form the ejaculatory duct?

A

seminal vesicle and ductus deferens

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38
Q

what gland plays a role in the activation of sperm?

A

prostate gland

39
Q

what does the prostate gland secrete?

A

milky, slightly acid fluid

40
Q

what makes up 70% of the volume of semen?

A

viscous alkaline seminal fluid

41
Q

another word for bulbouethral glands

A

Cowper’s Glands

42
Q

function of prostaglandins

A
  • Decrease the viscosity of mucus in the cervix

- Stimulate reverse peristalsis in the uterus

43
Q

what neutralizes the acid in the male urethra and female vagina?

A

the Alkalinity of sperm

44
Q

where does Spermatogenesis occur?

A

seminiferous tubules

45
Q

what is testosterone sythesized from?

A

cholesterol

46
Q

bacteria that causes Gonorrhea

A

n. gonorrhea

47
Q

what works well against gonorrhea?

A

antibiotics

48
Q

which STD can effect the fetus

A

Syphilis

49
Q

which STD is most common on college campuses

A

Chlamydia

50
Q

2nd most common STD in US

A

Human Papilloma Viruses (HPV)

51
Q

what causes Genital Herpes?

A

Human Herpes Virus type 2

52
Q

Most common curable STD

A

Trichomoniasis

53
Q

STD linked to prostate cancer in men

A

Trichomoniasis

54
Q

which region of the sperm has mitochondria?

A

mid piece

55
Q

what is the acrosome?

A

helmet like portion of the head of the sperm

56
Q

portion of the sperm that contains the paternal DNA

A

the head

57
Q

what causes the erectile tissue to fill with blood?

A

Nitric oxide

58
Q

what is the male sexual response?

A

an erection

59
Q

R- what is spermatogenesis?

A

a sequence of events that produces sperm in the seminiferous tubules

60
Q

what type of reflex is an erection?

A

parasympathetic reflex

61
Q

what type of reflex is ejaculation?

A

sympathetic reflex

62
Q

2 corpus bodies in the penis

A

corpora cavernosa

corpus spongiosum

63
Q

which corpus body in the penis compresses drainage veins and achieves and maintains an erection?

A

corpora cavernosa

64
Q

which corpus body in the penis keeps the urethra open allowing the semen to pass through during ejaculation?

A

corpus spongiosum

65
Q

3 regions of the urethra

A

prostatic urethra
membranous urethra
spongy or penile urethra

66
Q

shortest region of the urethra

A

membranous urethra

67
Q

longest region of the urethra

A

spongy or penile urethra

68
Q

where is the prostatic urethra located?

A

within the prostate gland

69
Q

where does the membranous urethra pass through?

A

the urogenital diaphragm

70
Q

another name for STDs

A

venereal diseases

71
Q

the single most important causes of reproductive disorders

A

STDs

72
Q

Which tube carries sperm from the scrotum to the abdominopelvic cavity?

A

Ductus deferens

73
Q

Which portion of the penis contains the urethra?

A

Corpus spongiosum

74
Q

Spermatogenesis requires which hormones?

A

LH
FSH
Testosterone

75
Q

what is the crura?

A

anchors the penis to the pubic arch

76
Q

muscle that elevates the testes

A

creamaster muscles

77
Q

cells that secrete testosterone

A

leydig cells

78
Q

function of the epididymis

A

sperm maturation

79
Q

what is formed by the unoin of the duct from the seminal vesicle and the ampulla of the vas deferens?

A

ejaculatory duct

80
Q

what gland secretes alkaline, frutose filled fluid

A

seminal glands

81
Q

where is sperm produces?

A

seminiferous tubules

82
Q

the pea-sized accessory glands

A

cowper’s gland

83
Q

accessory gland that secretes milky, slightly acid fluid

A

prostate

84
Q

accessory gland that neutralizes traces of acidic urine in the urethra

A

cowpers gland

85
Q

accessory gland that produces 70% of the volume of semen

A

seminal vesicle

86
Q

accessory gland that encircles part of the urethra inferior to the bladder

A

prostate

87
Q

what is released if there is too much sperm

A

inhibin

88
Q

good temp for scromtum

A

6 degrees below body temp

89
Q

corpus body that keeps urethra open

A

spongiosum

90
Q

Encloses nerve fibers, blood vessels, and lymphatics that supply the testes

A

Spermatic cord

91
Q

which cells form tight junctions that forms a blood-testis barrier?

A

Sustentacular Cells

92
Q

what type of infection is syphilis?

A

bacterial

93
Q

what type of infection is Trichomoniasis?

A

Parasitic infection

A&P2 (19 decks)

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