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Social Studies 7 > Chapter 3 and 4 Test Vocabulary > Flashcards

Chapter 3 and 4 Test Vocabulary Flashcards

1
Q

A document that grants the right to organize a settlement in an area is called a

A

charter

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2
Q

What crop was important in making Jamestown and early Virginia an economic success

A

tobacco

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3
Q

Roger Williams clashed with Massachusetts Puritans because

A

he did not think government should require certain religious beliefs

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4
Q

Men and women who were servants in America to pay for their passage to the Americas were called

A

indentured servants

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5
Q

He was brought to trial for writing printing articles criticizing the colonial governor. The courts found him not guilty, which supported the concept of freedom of the press

A

John Peter Zenger

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6
Q

What tribes made up the Iroquois Confederacy?

A

Cayuga, Seneca, Oneida, Onondaga, Mohawk, and Tuscarora Indians

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7
Q

What is a confederation?

A

A loose alliance, where the individual members keep most of the power to themselves, rather than giving it to a central authority or government - The Iroquois formed one of these.

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8
Q

What is the term for basic rights?

A

civil liberties

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9
Q

What are some examples of civil liberties? (list as many as you can)

A

the right to vote, freedom of speech, freedom of religion, and the right to trial by jury

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10
Q

What is the term that means the right to govern (legitimate rule) comes FROM THE PEOPLE?

A

popular sovereignty

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11
Q

According to Enlightenment philosopher John Locke, what are man’s natural rights?

A

equality, life, liberty, and property (shelter)

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12
Q

What are Natural Rights?

A

They are rights you have simply because you are a human. They DO NOT come from the government.

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13
Q

What was the Enlightenment?

A

A movement in which people believed that human beings could discover natural laws of how society and government should be constructed; Europe saw remarkable cultural changes characterized by a loss of faith in traditional religious sources of authority and a turn toward human rights, science, and the so-called “democratic republic”

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14
Q

What was the Scientific Revolution?

A

One half of the Enlightenment – a revival of interest in science, with the belief that human beings could discover how the physical world operates through reason, observation and experimentation

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15
Q

What was the Great Awakening?

A

A religious revival that emphasized that all people could be saved.

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16
Q

The banning of printed materials (newspapers and books) because they contain unpopular ideas or are critical of the government is

A

censorship (John Peter Zenger was put on trial for this and he won)

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17
Q

What is religious persecution?

A

Being treated poorly or having fewer rights because of your religion

18
Q

What is cultural diversity?

A

The quality of having a variety of different cultures within a community or country

19
Q

What was the New England Town Meeting?

A

The gathering of men in New England communities to discuss and vote on decisions for the community – an example of self-government

20
Q

What is a colonial assembly?

A

The law making body in the colonies – its elected representatives made local laws for their colony.

21
Q

What was the first colonial assembly?

A

Virginia’s House of Burgesses was the first in the colonies.

22
Q

What is smuggling?

A

Sneaking goods into a country in order to avoid paying import taxes

23
Q

What are imports?

A

Products brought into a country. Exports are the opposite.

24
Q

What was the Magna Carta?

A

A document King James signed promising that he would not levy taxes without the consent of the people.

25
Q

What is the Glorious Revolution?

A

The event in English history that established Parliament’s supremacy in law making, and that the King is subject to the law

26
Q

What is self-government?

A

A form of government in which any white, male colonists could raise issues, propose laws, and vote directly

27
Q

What is representative government?

A

A form of government in which the people elect citizens to make the laws

28
Q

What is limited monarchy?

A

The political idea that the law is supreme - even the King is must obey the law

29
Q

The political system in which the King has total power - he is the law, and not subject to the law is

A

absolute monarchy

30
Q

What is a plantation?

A

A large southern farm that usually employed slave labor

31
Q

What is the name for the ocean voyage of Africans kidnapped into slavery?

A

The Middle Passage

32
Q

What is the Proclamation of 1763?

A

The proclamation was an unpopular and widely ignored British law prohibited colonists from settling land west of the Appalachian Mountains.

33
Q

What is the term for selling more than you buy (when your exports are greater than your imports)?

A

A favorable balance of trade

34
Q

What are the Navigation Acts?

A

England passed laws called the Navigation Acts in the 1600s and 1700s to regulate trade in each English colony, or place under the rule of their nation. Good which were imported, or brought in, and exported, or sent out, were subject to strict regulations; they helped the colonists by providing jobs as ship builders and sailors and by guaranteeing colonists that the British would buy certain goods.

35
Q

What are the two functions that colonies serve in the mercantile system?

A
  1. sources of raw materials and

2. as markets for finished goods.

36
Q

What is mercantilism?

A

An economic system stated that political power comes from having a favorable balance of trade

37
Q

This term means to agree to or to allow - the people have to give their _____ in order to be taxed.

A

consent

38
Q

Why did the American colonists believe that Britain had no right to tax them?

A

The colonists argued that, according to English law, they could only be taxed if their elected representatives agreed to the tax. Since the colonies had no representation in Parliament, they said Parliament had no right to tax them.

“No taxation without representation”

39
Q

What is the main reason that Britain believed it needed to tax its American colonies?

A

The British wanted the colonies to help to pay for the debts it had from the French and Indian War

40
Q

What land did France lose to Britain as a result of the French Indian War?

A

All land east of the Mississippi.

Social Studies 7 (2 decks)

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