Chapter 3-4 Flashcards Preview

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Flashcards in Chapter 3-4 Deck (23)
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1
Q

List the purposes/functions of the development and passage of criminal laws.

A

(1) reinforcing public standards of morality by strictly enforcing particular laws and punishments
(2) protecting society as a whole by incapacitating criminals in jails and prisons, and using the threat of swift, certain, and severe punishment to deter future criminal behavior
(3) creating laws that legitimize the behavior of a few and criminalizing/penalizing behavior that threatens the elite’s interests
(4) maintain and regulate social order and social relations
(5) provide a forum for state punishment that discourages acts of revenge by individuals/groups
(6) provide a basis for social engineering

2
Q

What is the concept of social engineering?

A

social engineering- using the criminal law to eliminate undesirable social problems and to promote constructive social changes.

3
Q

What are some examples of social engineering?

A
  • laws about teen drinking
  • disorderly conduct
  • hate crimes
  • compulsory school attendance
  • public housing
  • equal opportunity/employment
4
Q

What is the correlation (step by step) between social complexity and crime?

A

Step 1: Industrialization/ Urbanization/ Modernization/ Population Growth
Step 2: Breakdown of Bonds/ Density & Competition/ Wealth and Inequality/ Diversity & Heterogeneity
Step 3: Alienation and Anomie
Step 4: Higher levels of Crime

5
Q

What causes social disorganization?

A

Step 2: Breakdown of Bonds/ Density & Competition/ Wealth and Inequality/ Diversity & Heterogeneity

6
Q

Is this pre-industiral or industrial society: relatively small in size and homogeneous population who have a relatively simple way of dividing labor

A

pre-industiral society

7
Q

What are examples of pre-industrial society?

A

Colonial America, tribal societies of Africa, and the island nations of the South Pacific

8
Q

Is this pre-industiral or industrial society: social norms are maintained by imposing informal social control

A

pre-industrial society

9
Q

_______ ______ _______- when behavior is regulated by non-state authority (i.e. family, friends, and neighbors).

A

Informal social control

10
Q

Is this pre-industiral or industrial society: if someone tries to commit crime or display deviance then there will be retribution

A

pre-industrial

11
Q

_________- e.g. the eye-for-eye doctrine

A

retribution

12
Q

Is this pre-industiral or industrial society: some display collective responsibility

A

pre-industrial

13
Q

__________ ___________- a crime is a private wrong against a person but all members of the offending party’s family are responsible for the deviant act

A

collective responsibility

14
Q

Why is crime relatively uncommon in pre-industrial society?

A

(1) shared views among all members of the community about what is appropriate behavior
(2) the collective responsibility for crime
(3) the effectiveness of informal social controls that regulate one’s behavior

15
Q

Is this pre-industiral or industrial society: population heterogeneity/diversity

A

industrial society

16
Q

Is this pre-industiral or industrial society: a complex division of labor

A

industrial society

17
Q

Is this pre-industiral or industrial society: the unequal distribution of wealth

A

industrial society

18
Q

Is this pre-industiral or industrial society: definitions of crime are based on the idea of legal norm violations

A

industrial society

19
Q

Is this pre-industiral or industrial society: social order is maintained by imposing formal social control

A

industrial society

20
Q

Under legal norm violations, crime is considered a ______ _____ against the state and an individual responsibility.

A

public harm

21
Q

Under legal norm violations, crime is considered a public harm against the ______ and an _________ ___________.

A

state

individual responsibility

22
Q

True or False: informal social control is still used in industrial society

A

True; although it’s not very effective

23
Q

Does crime increase as society changes from pre-industrial to industrial?

A

Increased crime does not have to occur as society changes from a pre-industrial to industrial society

Decks in Criminal Justice 270- Intro to Criminology Class (47):