Chapter 24 Part 2 Flashcards Preview

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Flashcards in Chapter 24 Part 2 Deck (33)
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1
Q

Mucosa is dotted with ________ _______.

A

Gastric pits

2
Q

Each gastric pit communicates with several _______ _______.

A

Gastric glands

3
Q

Gastric glands are dominated by two types of secretory cells;

A

Parietal cells and chief cells

4
Q

Parietal cells secrete ________ and ___________.

A

Intrinsic factor and hydrochloric acid (HCL)

5
Q

Chief cells produce _____________.

A

Pepsinogen

6
Q

G cells produce___________.

A

Gastrin

7
Q

Gastrin stimulates _________ and ___________

A

Chief and parietal cells

8
Q

New born infants’ stomach produce ________ and _______.

A

Rennin and gastric lipase

9
Q

These two enzymes help infants digest milk.

A

Rennin and Gastric lipase

10
Q

Kills microbes, stops action of amylase and activates lipase from saliva.

A

HCL

11
Q

Activates pepsin and activates hormones for secretion of bile and pancreatic enzymes.

A

HCL

12
Q

Stomach empties into ________ 2-6 hours after eating.

A

Duodenum

13
Q

_______ Phase

Phase initiated by smell, taste, or thought of food.
Cerebral cortex and hypothalamus sends signals to medulla.
Impulse is sent along vagus nerve to stomach to begin secretion.

A

Cephallic

14
Q

Gastric Phase

Phase initiated by _______ receptors and chemoreceptors.
Controlled through negative feedback.
Contractions of stomach causes some chyme to be ejected into duodenum.
As chyme leaves, pH and distension decreases, therefore less secretions.

A

stretch

15
Q

________ Phase

Phase that functions to prevent overfilling of duodenum.
Initiated by receptors in duodenum.
Has inhibitory effect on the stomach and its secretions.
Serves to inhibit secretion, smooth muscle contraction, and stomach emptying.

A

Intestinal

16
Q

Lies beneath stomach, empties into duodenum, and has enzymes involved in carbohydrate, protein, fat, and nucleic acid.

A

Pancreas

17
Q

Largest gland in the body, contains hepatocytes, maintains blood glucose level, and stores some fats and makes cholesterol.

A

Liver

18
Q

The liver de-aminates amino acids, removes drugs and

_______, stores vitamins and glycogen.

A

hormones

19
Q

Contains water, bile salts, cholesterol, bile pigments, ions. Main pigment is bilirubin.

A

Bile

20
Q

Small sac under liver, stores and releases bile, releases contents into cystic duct empties into duodenum.

A

Gallbladdder

21
Q

3 segments of small intestine.

A

Duodenum, jejunum, ileum.

22
Q

2 types of muscular movement in small intestine

A

Segmentations and MMCs

23
Q

Begins in mouth;enzymes break down polysaccharides into simple sugars fro absorption.

A

Carbohydrate digestion

24
Q

Four pancreatic enzymes that finish protein digestion begin in stomach.

A

Protein digestion

25
Q

Bile salts emulsify fats and enzymes break triglycerides down into fatty acids and glycerol.

A

Lipid digestion

26
Q

Nucleic acid digestion is the nucleus that break down nucleus acids down into ____________.

A

nucleotides

27
Q

Intestinal hormone that increases bile secretion

A

Secretin

28
Q

Chloecytokinin (CCk) __________ the production and secretion of all digestive enzymes.
Helps release bile.

A

accelerates

29
Q

In small intestine, carbohydrates are absorbed as monosaccharides and proteins are absorbed as ________ and __________.

A

amino acids

small polypeptides

30
Q

4 parts of the colon

A

Ascending, transverse, descending, and sigmeidal.

31
Q

Large intestine is separated from small intestine by ________

A

Ileocecal valve

32
Q

Mucosal layer of large intestine has ___ villi and _____ goblet cells.

A

No, many

33
Q

Longitudinal layer of muscularis is reduced to 3 bands of muscle called _______________

A

Teniae Coli