chapter 24 Enviromnetal Emergencies Flashcards Preview

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Flashcards in chapter 24 Enviromnetal Emergencies Deck (20)
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1
Q

active, which employs a heat source externally or internally (‘core’)
heat packs armpits and chest wrapping in a blanket

A

active rewarming

2
Q

the mechanism of ________ causes body heat to be lost through direct contact

A

CONDUCTION

3
Q

causes cold air molecules that are in immediate contact with the skin to be warmed

A

convection

4
Q

The process of a liquid or solid changes to a vapor

sweeting

A

evaporation

5
Q

results from increase in the body heat loss, a degrease in body heat production, or both.

most life-threatening cold injury

mortality rate 87%

A

generalized hypothermia

6
Q

high body heat

is elevated body temperature due to failed thermoregulation that occurs when a body produces or absorbs more heat than it dissipates

occurs when the body cant cool its self

A

hyperthermia

7
Q

low body temperature

is a condition in which core temperature drops below the required temperature for normal metabolism and body functions

A

hypothermia

8
Q

the condition called “frost bite” results from the freezing of body tissue

A

local cold injury

9
Q

is a state of decompensated hypothyroidism

A

myxedema coma

10
Q

which relies on retention of basal heat,

A

passive rewarming

11
Q

The most significant mechanism of heat loses
which involves the transfer of heat from the surface of one object to the surface of another

heat loss from head, hands, & feet

A

radiation

12
Q

breathing

It also produces heat loss

A

respiration

13
Q

1.sensory receptor: a sensory receptor, usually a nerve ending in the skin, that is stimulated by heat or cold

A

thermoreceptor

14
Q

occurs when individuals who have a predisposition, disability, illness, or medication usage render them more susceptible to hypothermia

A

urban hypothermia

15
Q

conduction is the method of heat loss in __________
Meaning: water and wet clothing will conduct heat away from the body at a much higher rate than air and dry clothing and much more rapidly than the body can produce it.

A

water chill

16
Q

is the effects of wind speed and environmental temperature into a number that indicates the danger of exposure

A

wind chill

17
Q
Obvious or subtle exposure:
      Cool or cold skin temperature
      Decreasing mental status/motor function
      Stiff or rigid muscles/posture 
      Shivering in mild cases (lack of, in more sever  cases) 
      Slow pupil reaction
      Blood pressure (low to absent) 
      Poor judgment
Breathing variations
       Rapid (early)
       Shallow, slow, absent (late)
Pulse changes
       Rapid (early)
       Slow, weak, irregular, absent (late)
 Muscle and joint stiffness
Skin
       Red (early)
       Pale
       Cyanotic
        Stiff/hard (late)
A

signs and symptom’s of generalized hypothermia

18
Q

Stages of hypothermia

A

mild 95 to 91 F

moderate 89.6 to 85.2 F

severe 82.4 to 71.6 F

profound 68 to 48.2 F

19
Q

what does the body rely on to which 3 body system to maintain body temp when it is to warm

A

skin
cardiovascular system
respiratory system

20
Q

what are the five mechanisms of heat loss

A
radiation
convection
respiration
evaporation
conduction