Chapter 2: Cultural Differences Flashcards Preview

AP Human Geography > Chapter 2: Cultural Differences > Flashcards

Flashcards in Chapter 2: Cultural Differences Deck (40)
Loading flashcards...
1
Q

Subcultures

A

groups of people with norms, values, and material practices that differentiate them from the dominant culture to which they belong

2
Q

Material Culture

A

all physical, tangible objects made and used by members ofa cultural group, such as clothing, buildings, tools and utensils, instruments, furniture, and artwork

3
Q

Nonmaterial Culture

A

wide range of tales, songs, lore, beliefs, values and customs that pass from generation to generation as part of an oral or written tradition

4
Q

Folk Culture

A

small, cohesive, stable, isolated, nearly self-sufficent group that is homogenous in custom and race; characterized by a strong family or clan structure, order maintained through sanctions based in the religion or family, little division of labor other than that between the sexes, frequent and strong interpersonal relationships, and a material culture consisting mainlyof handmade goods

5
Q

Folk

A

traditional, rural; the opposite of popular

6
Q

Folk Geography

A

study of the spatial patterns and ecology of traditional groups; a branch of cultural geography

7
Q

Popular Culture

A

dynamic culture based in large, heterogeneous societies permitting considerable individualism, innovation, and change; having money-based economy, division of labor into professions, secular institutions of control, and weak interpersonal ties; producing and consuming machine-made goods

8
Q

Indigenous Culture

A

group that constitutes the original inhabitants of a territory, distinct from the dominant national culture, which is often derived from colonial occupation

9
Q

Placelessness

A

spatial standardization that diminishes regional variety; may result from the spread of popular culture, which can diminish, or destroy the uniqueness of place through cultural standardization on a national or even worldwide scale

10
Q

Vernacular Culture Regions

A

region perceived to exist by its inhabitants, based in the collective spacial perception of the population at large, and bearing a generally accepted name or nickname (e.g. “Dixie”)

11
Q

Convergence Hypothesis

A

holding that cultural differences among places are being reduced by improved transportation and commonications systems, leading to a homogenization of popular culture

12
Q

Local Consumption Cultures

A

distinct consumption practices and preferences in food, clothing, music and so forth formed in specific places and historical moments

13
Q

Consumer Nationalism

A

situation in which local consumers favor nationally produced goods over imported goods as part of a nationalist political agenda

14
Q

Colonialism

A

forceful appropriation of a territory by a distant state, often involving the dispacement of indigenous populations to make way for colonial settlers

15
Q

Indigenous Technical Knowledge (IDK)

A

highly localized knowledge about environmental conditions and sustainable land-use practices

16
Q

Subsistence Economies

A

economies in which people seek to consome only what they produce and to produce only for hte local consumption rather than for exchange or export

17
Q

Agroforestry

A

cultivation system that features the interplanting of trees with field crops

18
Q

Folk Architecture

A

structures built by members of a folk society or culture in a traditional manner and style, wihout the assistance of professional architects or blueprints, using locally available raw materials

19
Q

Leisure Landscapes

A

landscapes that are planned and designed primarily for entertainment purposes

20
Q

Amenity Landscapes

A

landscapes that are prized for their natural and culturel aesthetic qualities by the tourism and real estate industries and their customers

21
Q

Reverse

groups of people with norms, values, and material practices that differentiate them from the dominant culture to which they belong

A

Subcultures

22
Q

Reverse

all physical, tangible objects made and used by members ofa cultural group, such as clothing, buildings, tools and utensils, instruments, furniture, and artwork

A

Material Culture

23
Q

Reverse

wide range of tales, songs, lore, beliefs, values and customs that pass from generation to generation as part of an oral or written tradition

A

Nonmaterial Culture

24
Q

Reverse

small, cohesive, stable, isolated, nearly self-sufficent group that is homogenous in custom and race; characterized by a strong family or clan structure, order maintained through sanctions based in the religion or family, little division of labor other than that between the sexes, frequent and strong interpersonal relationships, and a material culture consisting mainlyof handmade goods

A

Folk Culture

25
Q

Reverse

traditional, rural; the opposite of popular

A

Folk

26
Q

Reverse

study of the spatial patterns and ecology of traditional groups; a branch of cultural geography

A

Folk Geography

27
Q

Reverse

dynamic culture based in large, heterogeneous societies permitting considerable individualism, innovation, and change; having money-based economy, division of labor into professions, secular institutions of control, and weak interpersonal ties; producing and consuming machine-made goods

A

Popular Culture

28
Q

Reverse

group that constitutes the original inhabitants of a territory, distinct from the dominant national culture, which is often derived from colonial occupation

A

Indigenous Culture

29
Q

Reverse

spatial standardization that diminishes regional variety; may result from the spread of popular culture, which can diminish, or destroy the uniqueness of place through cultural standardization on a national or even worldwide scale

A

Placelessness

30
Q

Reverse

region perceived to exist by its inhabitants, based in the collective spacial perception of the population at large, and bearing a generally accepted name or nickname (e.g. “Dixie”)

A

Vernacular Culture Regions

31
Q

Reverse

holding that cultural differences among places are being reduced by improved transportation and commonications systems, leading to a homogenization of popular culture

A

Convergence Hypothesis

32
Q

Reverse

distinct consumption practices and preferences in food, clothing, music and so forth formed in specific places and historical moments

A

Local Consumption Cultures

33
Q

Reverse

situation in which local consumers favor nationally produced goods over imported goods as part of a nationalist political agenda

A

Consumer Nationalism

34
Q

Reverse

forceful appropriation of a territory by a distant state, often involving the dispacement of indigenous populations to make way for colonial settlers

A

Colonialism

35
Q

Reverse

highly localized knowledge about environmental conditions and sustainable land-use practices

A

Indigenous Technical Knowledge (IDK)

36
Q

Reverse

economies in which people seek to consome only what they produce and to produce only for hte local consumption rather than for exchange or export

A

Subsistence Economies

37
Q

Reverse

cultivation system that features the interplanting of trees with field crops

A

Agroforestry

38
Q

Reverse

structures built by members of a folk society or culture in a traditional manner and style, wihout the assistance of professional architects or blueprints, using locally available raw materials

A

Folk Architecture

39
Q

Reverse

landscapes that are planned and designed primarily for entertainment purposes

A

Leisure Landscapes

40
Q

Reverse

landscapes that are prized for their natural and culturel aesthetic qualities by the tourism and real estate industries and their customers

A

Amenity Landscapes