Chapter 2 Flashcards

1
Q

_____ and ____ bond together to form compound

A

Elements and atoms

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2
Q

Compound

A

mixture of two or more different atoms at a fixed ratio

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3
Q

Electrons

A

smaller then protons, negative charge

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4
Q

Another word for weight

A

dalton

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5
Q

Atomic number

A

of protons

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6
Q

Valence shell

A

deals with the activity, loves to have a full shell, the outer most shell

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7
Q

Valency

A

of electrons needed to fill outer shell

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8
Q

Covalent bond

A

two atoms share one or more outer shell electrons. strongest bond

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9
Q

Molecule

A

two or more atoms held together by a covalent bond

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10
Q

Electronegativity

A

the attraction for shared electrons

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11
Q

Polar covalent bonds

A

unequal sharing

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12
Q

Non polar covalent bonds

A

equal sharing

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13
Q

Ionic bond

A

attraction that holds molecules together. donates e-, accepts e-

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14
Q

Cation

A

positive charge. donated e-

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15
Q

Anion

A

negative charge. accepted e-

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16
Q

Salt

A

almost always exist in nature as crystals. tough strong dry bond. ions interact w/ water and break up

17
Q

Crystal line state

A

strong expose to water

18
Q

Hydrogen bonds

A

weak bonds, but essential to life

19
Q

Cohesion

A

tendency of molecules of the same kind to bind together

20
Q

Adhesion

A

tendency of to bind together

21
Q

Surface tension

A

a measure of how difficult it is to break the surface of a liquid

22
Q

Heat capacity

A

how fast a liquid will warm up or cool down

23
Q

Heat

A

form of energy associated with movement of molecules

24
Q

Temperature

A

measures the intensity of heat

25
Q

Evaporative cooling

A

when a substance evaporated the surface of the liquid that remains behind cools down

26
Q

Solution

A

liquid consisting of a uniform mixture of two or more substances

27
Q

Aqueous solution

A

one in which water is the solvent

28
Q

Ex of aqueous solution

A

cells in our bodies

29
Q

Acid

A

compound that releases hydrogen to a sol’n

30
Q

Base

A

compound that accepts hydrogen and removes them from sol’n

31
Q

Between each pH level it goes down by units of..

A

10

32
Q

Buffer

A

substance that minimizes changes in pH. accepts H when excess and donates H when depleted

33
Q

pH of blood

A

7.4

34
Q

pH

A

measures hydrogen in a sol’n