Chapter 17-18 Flashcards Preview

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Flashcards in Chapter 17-18 Deck (72)
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1
Q

John Tyler joined the Whig party because he

A

could not stomach the dictatorial tactics of Andrew Jackson.

2
Q

The Whigs placed John Tyler on the 1840 ticket as vice president to

A

attract the vote of the states’ rightists.

3
Q

After President John Tyler’s veto of a bill to establish a new Bank of the United States,

A

he was expelled from the Whig party, all but one member of his cabinet resigned, an attempt was made in the House of Representatives to impeach him, Tyler also vetoed a Whig-sponsored high-tariff bill.

4
Q

The only member of President Tyler’s Whig cabinet who did not resign in protest over his policies was

A

Daniel Webster

5
Q

During an 1837 Canadian insurrection against Britain,

A

America was unlawfully invaded by the British.

6
Q

As a result of the panic of 1837,

A

several states defaulted on their debts to Britain.

7
Q

The British-American dispute over the border of Maine was solved

A

by a compromise that gave each side some territory.

8
Q

The Aroostook War was the result of

A

a dispute over the northern boundary of Maine.

9
Q

Arrange the following in chronological order: (A) annexation of Texas, (B) Webster-Ashburton Treaty, (C) settlement of the Oregon boundary, (D) Aroostook War.

A

D, B, A, C

10
Q

Some people in Britain hoped for a British alliance with Texas because

A

the alliance would give abolitionists the opportunity to free slaves in Texas.

11
Q

One argument against annexing Texas to the United States was that the annexation

A

might give more power to the supporters of slavery.

12
Q

Texas was annexed to the United States as a result of

A

President Tyler’s desire to help his troubled administration.

13
Q

Arrange in chronological order the United States’ acquisition of (A) Oregon, (B) Texas, (C) California.

A

B, A, C

14
Q

The primary group that was instrumental in strengthening and saving American claims to Oregon were

A

American missionaries to the Indians.

15
Q

Most Americans who migrated to the Oregon Country were attracted by the

A

rich soil of the Willamette River Valley.

16
Q

The nomination of James K. Polk as the Democrats’ 1844 presidential candidate was secured by

A

southern expansionists

17
Q

The area in dispute between the United States and Great Britain in 1845 lay between

A

the Columbia River, the forty-ninth parallel, and the Pacific Ocean.

18
Q

In the 1840s, the view that God had ordained the growth of an American nation stretching across North America was called

A

Manifest Destiny

19
Q

In the presidential election of 1844, the Whig candidate, Henry Clay,

A

favored both the annexation of Texas and the postponement of that annexation

20
Q

The election of 1844 was notable because

A

it was fought over numerous issues.

21
Q

The group most supportive of gaining control of all the Oregon Country was the

A

northern democrats

22
Q

In the Oregon treaty with Britain in 1846, the northern boundary of the United States was established to the Pacific Ocean along the line of

A

49º.

23
Q

One reason that the British government decided to compromise on the Oregon Country border was

A

their belief that the territory was not worth fighting over.

24
Q

In his quest for California, President James K. Polk

A

first advocated buying the area from Mexico.

25
Q

Arrange the following in chronological order: (A) Bear Flag revolt, (B) Slidell mission rejected, (C) declaration of war on Mexico, (D) American troops ordered to the Rio Grande Valley.

A

B, D, C, A

26
Q

In 1846 the United States went to war with Mexico for all of the following reasons except

A

the impulse to satisfy those asking for “spot” resolutions.

27
Q

President Polk’s claim that “American blood [had been shed] on the American soil” referred to news of an armed clash between Mexican and American troops near

A

the Rio Grande

28
Q

During the Mexican War, the Polk administration was called on several times to respond to “spot” resolutions indicating where American blood had been shed to provoke the war. The resolutions were frequently introduced by

A

Abraham Lincoln

29
Q

One goal of Mexico in its 1846-1848 war with the United States was to

A

free black slaves

30
Q

When the war with Mexico began, President James K. Polk

A

hoped to fight a limited war, ending with the conquest of California.

31
Q
Match each American officer below with his theater of command in the Mexican War.
A. Stephen W. Kearny
B. Zachary Taylor
C. Winfield Scott
D. John C. Frémont
1. northern Mexico
2. California
3. Santa Fe
4. Mexico City
A

A-3, B-1, C-4, D-2

32
Q

The terms of the Treaty of Guadalupe-Hidalgo ending the Mexican War included

A

United States payment of $15 million for the cession of northern Mexico.

33
Q

Those people most opposed to President James K. Polk’s expansionist program were the

A

antislavery forces

34
Q

The Wilmot Proviso

A

symbolized the burning issue of slavery in the territories.

35
Q

The Wilmot Proviso, introduced into Congress during the Mexican War, declared that

A

slavery would be banned from all territories that Mexico ceded to the United States.

36
Q

The largest single addition to American territory was

A

the Mexican Cession

37
Q

The first Old World Europeans to come to California were

A

Spanish

38
Q

The Spanish Franciscan missionaries treated the native inhabitants of California

A

very harshly

39
Q

When the Mexican government secularized authority in California,

A

Californios eventually gained control of the land.

40
Q

The Californios’ political ascendancy in California ended

A

as a result of the influx of Anglo golddiggers.

41
Q

In order to maintain the two great political parties as vital bonds of national unity, party leaders

A

avoided public discussion of slavery.

42
Q

The United States’ victory in the Mexican War resulted in

A

renewed controversy over the issue of extending slavery into the territories, a possible split in the Whig and Democrat parties over slavery, the cession by Mexico of an enormous amount of land to the United States, a rush of settlers to new American territory in California.

43
Q

The Wilmot Proviso, if adopted, would have

A

prohibited slavery in any territory acquired in the Mexican War.

44
Q

The debate over slavery in the Mexican Cession

A

threatened to split national politics along North-South lines.

45
Q

Stephen A. Douglas’s plans for deciding the slavery question in the Kansas-Nebraska scheme required repeal of the

A

Missouri Compromise

46
Q

One of Stephen Douglas’ mistakes in proposing the Kansas-Nebraska Act was

A

underestimating the depth of northern opposition to the spread of slavery

47
Q

According to the principle of popular sovereignty, the question of slavery in the territories would be determined by

A

the people in any given territory

48
Q

In the Compromise of 1850, Congress determined that slavery in the New Mexico and Utah territories was

A

to be decided by popular sovereignty

49
Q

Most American leaders believed that the only way to keep the new Pacific Coast territories from breaking away from the United States control was to

A

construct a transcontinental railroad

50
Q

The Young Guard from the North

A

were most interested in purging and purifying the Union

51
Q

Many northern states passed personal liberty laws in response to the Compromise of 1850’s provision regarding

A

runaway slaves

52
Q

The event that threatened to destroy the longstanding equality of free and slave states in the United States Senate was the

A

discovery of gold in California

53
Q

A scheme to acquire Cuba from Spain in the 1850s was known as the

A

Ostend Manifesto

54
Q

In light of future evidence, it seems apparent that in the Compromise of 1850 the South made a tactical blunder by

A

demanding a strong fugitive-slave law

55
Q

In the debates of 1850, Senator William H. Seward, as a representative of the northern Young Guard, argued that

A

Christian legislators must obey God

56
Q

The debate over slavery in the Mexican Cession

A

threatened to split national politics along North-South lines

57
Q

Which of the following was not among the issues that concerned southerners in 1849-1850?

A

There was a growing chance that a constitutional amendment would abolish slavery.

58
Q

The South grew increasingly worried about the future of slavery because

A

the admission of California might permanently tip the political balance against them

59
Q

Harriet Tubman gained fame

A

by helping slaves escape into Canada

60
Q

The election of 1852 was significant because it

A

marked the end of the Whig party

61
Q

The Wilmont Proviso, if adopted, would have

A

prohibited slavery in any territory acquired in the Mexican War

62
Q

A southern route for the transcontinental railroad seemed the best because

A

the railroad would be easier to build in this area

63
Q

For a short time in the 1850’s, William Walker, an American adventurer, seized control of

A

Nicaragua

64
Q

In order to maintain the two great political parties as vital bonds of national unity, party leaders

A

avoided public discussion of slavery

65
Q

The fatal split in the Whig party in 1852 occurred over

A

slavery

66
Q

The public liked popular sovereignty because it

A

fit in with the democratic tradition of self-determination

67
Q

Of those people going to California during the gold rush

A

a distressingly high proportion were lawless men

68
Q

An event that helped the cause of compromise in 1850, was when President Zachary Taylor

A

died suddenly and Millard Fillmore became president

69
Q

The man who opened Japan to the United States was

A

Matthew Perry

70
Q

The most alarming aspect of the Compromise of 1850 to northerners was the decision concerning

A

the new Fugitive Slave Law

71
Q

Stephen A. Douglas proposed that the question of slavery in the Kansas-Nebraska territory be decided by

A

popular sovereignty

72
Q

The Pierce administration’s secret scheme to gain control of Cuba was stopped when

A

the secret Ostend Manifesto was leaked to the public