Chapter 16

Question 1

Herzberg 2-factor theory

Answer 1

1) Satisfier Factor

2) Hygiene Factor

Question 2

Satisfier Factor

Answer 2

Found in job content, such as challenging and exciting work, recognition, responsibility, advancement opportunities, or personal growth

Question 3

Hygiene Factor

Answer 3

Found in job context, such as working conditions, interpersonal relations, organizational policies, and compensation

Question 4

Maslow’s Hierarchy of Needs

Answer 4

Lower level needs should be met before progressing on to meet higher level needs

Question 5

2 Order of Needs from Maslow’s Hierarchy of Needs

Answer 5

1) Lower-order needs

2) Higher-order needs

Question 6

Lower-Order Needs

Answer 6

Physiological, safety, and social needs in Maslow’s hierarchy

Question 7

Higher-Order Needs

Answer 7

Esteem and self-actualization needs in Maslow’s hierarchy

Question 8

Progression Principal

Answer 8

A need isn’t activated until the next lower-level need is satisfied

Question 9

Deficit Principal

Answer 9

A satisfied need does not motivate behavior

Question 10

5 Alternative Work Arrangements

Answer 10

1) Flexible Working Hours
2) Compressed Workweek
3) Job Sharing
4) Telecommuting
5) Contingency Workers

Question 11

Flexible Working Hours

Answer 11

Give employees some choice in daily work hours

Question 12

Compressed Workweek

Answer 12

Allows a full-time job to be completed in less than five days

Question 13

Job Sharing

Answer 13

Splits one full-time job between two or more persons

Question 14

Telecommuting

Answer 14

Involves a portion of scheduled work hours to be completed outside of the office

Question 15

Contingency Workers

Answer 15

Employed on a part-time and temporary basis to supplement a permanent workforce

Question 16

Job Enlargement

Answer 16

Increases task variety by combining into one job two or more tasks previously done by separate workers

Question 17

Job Enrichment

Answer 17

Increases job depth by adding work planning and evaluating duties normally performed by the supervisor

Question 18

Equity Theory

Answer 18

When people believe that they have been treated unfairly in comparison to others, they try to eliminate the discomfort and restore a perceived sense of equity to the situation

Question 19

Expectancy Theory

Answer 19

Motivation = Instrumentality x Valence

Question 20

Expectancy

Answer 20

A person’s belief that working hard will result in high task performance

Question 21

Instrumentality

Answer 21

A person’s belief that various outcomes will occur as a result of task performance

Question 22

Valence

Answer 22

The value a person assigns to work-related outcomes

Question 23

What does ERG theory stand for?

Answer 23

Existence
Relatedness
Growth

Question 24

The 3 parts to ERG theory

Answer 24

1) Existence needs
2) Relatedness needs
3) Growth needs

Question 25

Existence needs

Answer 25

Desires for physical well-being/basic needs

Question 26

Relatedness needs

Answer 26

Desires for good interpersonal relationships

Question 27

Growth needs

Answer 27

Desires for personal growth and development

Question 28

McClelleand motivation theory

Answer 28

People acquire needs through their life experiences

Question 29

3 Needs Aquired in McClelleand motivation theory

Answer 29

1) Need for Achievement
2) Need for Power
3) Need for Affilitation

Question 30

Need for Achievement

Answer 30

The desire to do something better, to solve problems, or to master complex tasks

Question 31

Need for Power

Answer 31

The desire to control, influence, or be responsible for other people

Question 32

Need for Affiliation

Answer 32

The desire to establish and maintain good relations with people

Question 33

Acquired Power Theory

Need for Power Theory

Answer 33

The desire to control, influence, be responsible for other people

Question 34

Vertical Loading

Answer 34

Moves planning and controlling in from above

Question 35

Horizontal Loading

Answer 35

Move tasks in from earlier in workflow