Chapter 15 - The Spleen Flashcards Preview

Diagnostic Sonography - Hagen > Chapter 15 - The Spleen > Flashcards

Flashcards in Chapter 15 - The Spleen Deck (41)
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1
Q

results from failure of fusion of separate splenic masses forming on the dorsal mesogastrium; most commonly found in the splenic hilum or along the splenic vessels or associated ligaments

A

accessory spleen (splenunculus)

2
Q

a metabolic disorder marked by amyloid deposits in organs and tissue

A

amyloidosis

3
Q

anemia caused by antibodies produced by the patient’s own immune system

A

autoimmune hemolytic anemia

4
Q

process by which the spleen removes abnormal red blood cells as they pass through

A

culling

5
Q

red blood cell

A

erythrocyte

6
Q

one of the ligaments between the stomach and spleen that helps to hold the spleen in place

A

gastrosplenic ligament

7
Q

one of the storage diseases in which fat and proteins are deposited abnormally in the body

A

Gaucher’s disease

8
Q

blood cell production

A

hematopoiesis

9
Q

oxygen-binding protein found in red blood cells

A

hemoglobin

10
Q

anemia resulting from hemolysis of red blood cells

A

hemolytic anemia

11
Q

pigment released from the hemoglobin process

A

hemosiderin

12
Q

a malignant disease that involves lymphoid tissue

A

Hodgkin’s disease

13
Q

an interruption in the blood supply to an area that may lead to necrosis of the area

A

infarction

14
Q

within the peritoneal cavity

A

intraperitoneal

15
Q

left upper quadrant of the abdomen that contains the left lobe of the liver, the spleen, and the stomach

A

left hypochondrium

16
Q

abnormal decrease in white blood corpuscles; may be drug induced

A

leukopenia

17
Q

ligament between the spleen and kidney that helps support the greater curvature of the stomach

A

lienorenal ligament

18
Q

an alkaline fluid found in the lymphatic vessels

A

lymph

19
Q

follicles in the white pulp of the spleen, containing many lymphocytes

A

malpighian corpuscles

20
Q

an acute infection caused by the Epstein-Barr virus that most commonly affects teenagers and young adults; symptoms include fever, sore throat, enlarged lymph nodes, abnormal lymphocysts, and hepatosplenomegaly

A

mononucleosis

21
Q

a malignant disease of lymphoid tissue seen with increased frequency in individuals older than 50 years of age

A

non-Hodgkin’s lymphoma

22
Q

process by which the red pulp destroys the degenerating red blood cells

A

phagocytosis

23
Q

one of the ligaments between the spleen and the splenic flexure of the colon

A

phrenocolic ligament

24
Q

process by which the spleen removes nuclei from blood cells without destroying the erythrocytes

A

pitting

25
Q

an excess of red blood cells

A

polycythemia

26
Q

chronic, life-shortening condition of unknown cause involving bone marrow elements; characterized by an increase in red blood cell mass and hemoglobin concentration

A

polycythemia vera

27
Q

condition in which more than one spleen is present

A

polysplenia

28
Q

consists of reticular cells and fibers (cords of Billroth); surrounds the splenic sinuses

A

red pulp

29
Q

certain phagocytic cells (found in the liver and spleen) make up the reticuloendothelial system (RES); plays a role in the synthesis of blood proteins and hemopoiesis

A

reticuloendothelial

30
Q

inherited disorder transmitted as an autosomal recessive trait that causes an abnormality of the globin genes in hemoglobin

A

sickle cell anemia

31
Q

condition in sickle cell anemia in which the sickled cells interfere with oxygen transport, obstruct capillary blood flow, and cause fever and severe pain in the joints and abdomen

A

sickle cell crisis

32
Q

condition in which erythrocytes assume a spheroid shape; hereditary

A

spherocytosis

33
Q

branch of the celiac axis; tortuous course toward the spleen; serves as the superior border of the pancreas

A

splenic artery

34
Q

located in the middle of the spleen; site where vessels and lymph nodes enter and exit the spleen

A

splenic hilum

35
Q

long irregular channels lined by endothelial cells or flattened reticular cells

A

splenic sinuses

36
Q

leaves the splenic hilum, travels transversely through the upper abdomen to join with the superior mesenteric vein to form the main portal vein; serves as the posterior medial border of the pancreas

A

splenic vein

37
Q

enlargement of the spleen

A

splenomegaly

38
Q

group of hereditary anemias occurring in Asian and Mediterranean populations

A

thalassemia

39
Q

spleen that has migrated from its normal location in the left upper quadrant

A

wandering spleen

40
Q

consists of lymphatic tissue and lymphatic follicles

A

white pulp

41
Q

complete absence of the spleen

A

splenic agenesis