Chapter 15: Fire Attack Flashcards Preview

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Flashcards in Chapter 15: Fire Attack Deck (23)
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1
Q

Direct attack

A

Fire stream is applied directly on to the burning fuel

can be direct or indirect

2
Q

When to do direct attack

A
  • Stream can reach seat of fire
  • thermal balance is stable and products of combustion are in uppermost levels of structure
  • fires fuel is not enclosed
  • most of the fuel is in the smoldering stage
  • you cannot achieve direct ventilation
3
Q

Indirect Attack

A

Using the principles of water to steam conversion and expansion to knock down a free burning fire by absorbing heat energy

4
Q

Indirect interior attack

A

Bank fire stream off ceiling or wall in an attempt to cool down the atmosphere or reduce the intensity of fire.
short bursts in general direction of fire

5
Q

reasons to use a Indirect exterior attack (defensive)

A

Super heated atmosphere- first control and reduce heat with in structure by deflecting streams towards the seat until proper ventilation is set up
- second, once ventilation is set up proceed inside to the seat of the fire for complete control

do not do if crews or pts are inside

6
Q

Combination Attack

A

a use of both direct and indirect attacks to control and extinguish

7
Q

Transitional Attack(offensive exterior)

A

AN Offensive attack Starting from the exterior w/ indirect hand-line op. into fire compartment to initiate cooling while transitioning to an interior attack in coordination with ventilation

8
Q

Combi from interior

A

FOG FOG FOG PENCIL PENCIL PENCIL to cool surfaces ant atmosphere then close door; allow atmosphere to cool repeat until such time as direct attack can be made

9
Q

Read SMOKE

A

Volume: alot of smoke = BIG fire, fire progession
Velocity: moves fastest from hottest point= heat & PRESSURE, angry smoke = flashover
Color: can tell you whats burning
Density: how much fuel is involved, smoke is a fuel, = black fire or flash over

10
Q

FIRE STREAM

solid, fog, broken

A

Defined as a stream of water or other extinguishing agent after it leaves a nozzle until it reaches the desired point

11
Q

solid stream

A

fixed orifice or smooth board nozzle: compact stream with mix penetration, more nozzle reaction

Pro: grater visibility,better reach & penetration, can have reduced nozzle pressure per liter, thermal layering less likely to be disturbed

Con: Cannot be used w/ foam, fixed pattern, less heat absorption, conductive

Affected by: Air Friction, Wind, Gravity

12
Q

Fog Stream (45-80’)

A

Stream comprise of very fine water droplets

Affected by: Velocity,Gravity, Pattern,Air friction, wind

13
Q

Stream effectiveness & break over

A

Streams are effective until the lose forward velocity (break over) the stream loses its original shape and cannot maintain height.

14
Q

Max Stream

A

Reach=30-34’

Height= maxed out @75’

15
Q

Broken Stream

A

Course water droplets: good heat adsorption and penetration
15-45’
basements, attics, wall spaces

16
Q

5 causes of defective streams

A
Insufficient pressure 
Too much pressure
Defective tip
Air in line
Twist/kink in hose near pipe
17
Q

Atmosphere testing

A

When you enter look for thermal layering,if you feel the heat
go full fog into and give it a quick shot if no water droplets come down the environment is super heated

18
Q

Line selection

A
Type of fire & fuel
volume needed
Man power
reach
time
19
Q

When advancing a hose line

A

-select line from transverse
-read smoke(look for back-draft/flash-over)
-All FF to be in safe & ready position before opening a door
-Check door for heat
- Bleed line and have correct nozzle setting
- try not to block ventilation openings
- flake out hose
-

20
Q

How can you tell if a fire stream is working

A

Darkening down
White smoke/white steam
Rapid temp fluctuation
Decreased visability

21
Q

What is a master stream

A

A large caliber device used primarily for defensive straegies

3 types Portable, fixed, elevated fixed

22
Q

Master stream appliances flow rates

A

70 kpa loss

  • Deck/Deluge Gun:500kpa(new) 700kpa(old): 2650lpm
  • Quick attack: pre-connected 5 lengths of 65mm: 3 settings 950,1400, 1900LPM: 1034kpa
  • Ladder 7000lpm @ 1000kpa
23
Q

Exposures

A
  • Near by structures, combustibles, or equipment that could be consumed by fire.

Interior & Exterior : protect with fog or broken streams