Chapter 13- Skin Flashcards Preview

A - BNF COPY > Chapter 13- Skin > Flashcards

Flashcards in Chapter 13- Skin Deck (47)
Loading flashcards...
1
Q

Why is urea used with other topical ingredients

A

To enhance penetration of the skin

2
Q

Caution with paraffin based products - why?

A

Flammable!

3
Q

A mild corticosteroid (0.5-1%) can be used in nappy rash for how long

A

No more than a week

4
Q

Topical skin products should be applied in the direction of hair growth - why?

A

To reduce risk of folliculitis

5
Q

What topical product is used for MRSA

A

Chlorhexidine scrub and mupirocin

6
Q

What can be used for acute impetigo

A

Short term application of fusidic acid

7
Q

Oral antibiotic good for skin infections and why?

A

Flucloxacillin Good penetration into skin

8
Q

Mupiricin and fusidic acid should not be used for longer than what and why

A

10 days risk of if resistance

9
Q

What’s used in the treatment of infected burns

A

Silver sulfadiazine

10
Q

To prevent relapse - local antifungal treatment is continued for how long after the disappearance of infection

A

1-2 weeks

11
Q

Name three treatment options for scabies

A

Permethrin Malathion Benzyl benzoate (less effective)

12
Q

How do you use dimeticone for headlice

A

8-12 hrs repeat after 7 days

13
Q

Malathion used for headlice has problems with what?

A

Resistance

14
Q

What’s the wet combing method of headlice removal

A

Plastic detection comb Over 30 mins 4 days intervals For minimum of 2 weeks Continue until no lice found on 3 consecutive occasions

15
Q

What’s used to treat crab lice

A

Permethrin Malathion

16
Q

Psoriasis can be provoked or exacerbated by what drugs

A

Lithium Chloroquine Hydroxychloroquine Beta blockers NSAIDs ACEI

17
Q

Emollients in addition to their effects on dryness, scaling and crackling have what additional effect in psoriasis

A

Anti-proliferative

18
Q

More specific topical treatment for chronic stable plaque psoriasis on extensor surfaces of trunk and limbs involved the use of vitamin D analogues - name three

A

Coal tar Dithranol Retinoid tazarotene

19
Q

First line treatment for scalp psoriasis

A

Tar based shampoo

20
Q

Second line treatment for scalp psoriasis

A

Keratolytic such as salicylic acid

21
Q

The keratolytic effect of salicylic acid does what to the absorption of topical corticosteroids

A

Facilitates it

22
Q

OTC advice with hydrocortisone cream

A

Can be sold for allergic contact dermatitis, irritant dermatitis, insect bite, mild to moderate eczema in patients over 10 to be applied sparingly for OD/BD for max 1 week (should not be sold to children under 10, pregnancy, or for application to:face, anogenital region, broken/infected skin)

23
Q

Canestan HC (clotrimazole + hydrocortisone) can be sold OTC when?

A

15g tube for athletes foot and fungal infection of skin folds with associated inflammation in patients 10years and over

24
Q

A 15g tube of hydrocortisone with miconazole is on sale OTC for what

A

Treatment of athletes foot and candida intertrigo

25
Q

What can be used for hyperhidrosis (perspiration)

A

Aluminium chloride hexahydrate Oxybutinin Botox

26
Q

List systemic diseases that can cause pruritus

A

Obstructive jaundice

Endocrine disease

Chronic renal disease

Iron deficiency

Malignant diseases

27
Q

What can be used to relieve pruritus

A

Levomenthol cream Crotamiton preps Calamine (ineffective) Doxepine 5% (used in eczema but drowsiness and sensitisation risk)

28
Q

Pruritus is common is biliary obstruction especially in primary biliary cirrhosis and drug induced cholestasis - what’s the drug of choice in this case?

A

Oral administration of colestyramine

29
Q

Treatment of choice in insect bites or stings

A

Short course topical corticosteroids +- sedating antihistamine

30
Q

Topical antihistamines should be avoided in eczema and are not recommended for longer than what

A

3days

31
Q

Name a hormone oral preparation used for acne that’s used in women only

A

Co-cyprindiol (cyproterone acetate with ethinylestradiol)

32
Q

Treatment for mild to moderate acne

A

Benzoyl peroxide or topical retinoid

33
Q

Oral antibacterial for acne

A

Oxytetracyclin Tetracycline Doxycycline Lymecycline

34
Q

Minocycline is as effective as other tetracyclines for use in acne but is associated with what

A

Greater risk of lupus erythematosus like syndrome and can cause irriversible pigmentation

35
Q

Side effects of isotretinoin

A

Dryness of skin Dryness of mucous membranes Nose bleeds Joint pain Teratogenic

36
Q

Side effects/ further information with isotretinoin

A

Risk of pancreatitis if triglycerides >9mmol/litre Psychiatric side effects Visual disturbances Skin peeling

37
Q

Treatment options for mild seborrhoeic dermatitis

A

Shampoos containing antimicrobials agents such as pyrithione zinc and selenium Ketoconazole Corticosteroid gels

38
Q

Cradle cap can be treated with what

A

Coconut oil Olive oil

39
Q

Hirsutism may result from hormonal disorders or as side effects of drugs such as..

A

Minoxidil Corticosteroids Anabolic steroid Androgens Danazol progestogens

40
Q

Treatment of androgenetic alopecia

A

Finasteride Topical minoxidil

41
Q
A
42
Q

What skin condition is this and how to treat it?

A

ACNE:

The sebaceous (oil-producing) glands of people who get acne are particularly sensitive to normal blood levels of certain hormones, which are present in both men and women. These cause the glands to produce an excess of oil (bacteria multiply here). At the same time, the dead skin cells lining the pores are not shed properly and clog up the follicles.

43
Q
A
44
Q

what is folliculitis?

A

when hair follicules are damaged and invaded by pathogens and bacteria

45
Q

what is this? and treatment

A

Hives. Rasied, itchy and red rash caused by contact with an allergen. antibiotics can cause it, and allergic reaction to drugs.

Treatment might be an epipen depending on severity. Alternatively, treatment might also be Antihistamines.

46
Q

dose of epipen to give in anaphylaxis?

A

under 6 years: 150 mcg

6-12 years: 300 mcg (and pre-pubescent kids)

pubescent 12 - 18 and adults 500 mcg.

Every 5 minutes

47
Q
A