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Flashcards in chapter 13 Deck (24)
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1
Q

what is kinship? forms?

A
  • Relatedness, refers to the socially recognized ties that connect people to one another including:
    • Friendship, marriage, parenthood, shared links to a common ancestor, work place associations, etc
2
Q

what are kinship systems based on?

A
  • Based on social relationships of mating, birth, and nurturance
    • Believed to be based on shared substance and its transmission, either bodily (blood, genes, milk) or spiritual (soul nurturance, love)
3
Q

what is descent?

A

• Descent is the cultural principle that defines social categories through culturally recognized parent-child connections

4
Q

what should a kinship diagram include?

A

• Kinship diagram must have a clear legend (male ego, female ego, male, female, non-specific gender, deceased, married to, divorced, lines connecting parents and children, lines connecting siblings)

5
Q

example of a kinship diagram exam question

A

mac informed me he has two sisters, but only 1 is married. Macs sister and her husband have two children, a boy and a girl- macs parents were married for many years, but they have since divorced.

6
Q

what was found connected to the kwaday dan ts’inchi tribe?

A
  • Scientists find 17 living relatives of ‘iceman’ discovered in B.C.
    • Kinship, connection to community.
7
Q

what is a clan?

A

• A clan is A descent group made up of lineages whose members believe they are related, even if they can no longer specify the links.

8
Q

what is patrilineage?

A

• A patrilineage is a social group formed by people connected through father-child links.

9
Q

what is matrilineage?

A

• A matrilineage is a social group formed by people connected through mother- child links.

10
Q

how is descent usually traced? who is typically the most important man in a boy’s life?

A
  • Descent is traced through women rather than men.
    • They do not mirror patrilineage- the sister brother pair is important
    • The most important man in a boy’s life is his maternal uncle
11
Q

how is adoption positioned within the kinship system?

A
  • Position with kinship system are often viewed as examples of ascribed statuses- social positions given to people at birth
    • Achieved status are those social positions that can be attained later in life
    • Adoption: people transform achieved status into ascribed status, thus changing a relation of nurturance into one of kinship.
12
Q

how does marriage embed human mating? what does it create?

A
  • Marriage embeds human mating within an elaborately constructed social and cultural niche
    • It creates new relationships between the kin of spouses, called affinal relationships, in contrast to consanguineal relationships (based on descent)
13
Q

define endogamy and exogamy

A

relationships (based on descent)
• Endogamy: marriage contracted within a defined social group
Exogamy: marriage outside a defined group

14
Q

describe neolocal marriage

A

• Neolocal residence: couple sets up independent household in a new location, found in societies rather than individualistic

15
Q

describe patrilocal residence

A

• Patrilocal residence: couple lives with/near husbands father, common among patrilineal pastoral and farming communities

16
Q

describe matrilocal residence

A

• Matrilocal residence: couple lives with/near wifes mother. Common among matrilineal groups

17
Q

describe Avunculocal residence

A

• Avunculocal residence: couple lives with/near husbands mothers brother, found among matrilineal groups

18
Q

what is a nuclear family?

A

• Nuclear family: parents and their unmarried children

19
Q

what is a polygynous family?

A

• Polygynous family: consists minimally of a husband, all his wives, and their children

20
Q

what is extended family?

A

• Extended family: parents, married children, and grandchildren

21
Q

what is joint family?

A

• Joint family: brothers and their wives, or sisters and their husbands, living together with children

22
Q

what is a blended family?

A

• Blended family: created when divorced or widowed people remarry, bringing with them children from previous families

23
Q

what is family by choice?

A

Families by choice: gays and lesbians may be rejected by their families, and so find that blood ties cannot guarantee enduring solidarity

24
Q

what is friendship?

A

• Unofficial bonds created between people that tend to be personal, and often a matter of choice
• Line between friendship and kinship may be fuzzy:
Kin may be friends and friends may be seen as relatives