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Esthetics > Chapter 13 > Flashcards

Chapter 13 Flashcards

1
Q

Alpha hydroxy acid’s

A

Acids derived from plants mostly fruit that are often used to exfoliate the skin ; mild acids : Glycolic, lactic, Malik, and tartaric acid. Ahas exfoliate by loosening the bonds between dead corneum cells and dissolve the intercellular matrix. Acids also stimulate cell renewal

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2
Q

Alcohol

A

Anti-septic and solvent used in perfumes, lotions, and astringents. SD alcohol as a special denatured ethyl alcohol

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3
Q

Algae

A

Arrive from minerals and phytohormones; remineralizes and revitalizes the skin

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4
Q

Allantoin

A

And anti-inflammatory compound isolated from the herb country; it is used in creams, hand lotion, hair lotion, aftershave, and other skin student cosmetics for its ability to heal bones and skin ulcers and to stimulate the growth of healthy tissue

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5
Q

Alpha lipoic acid

A

A natural molecule found in every cell in the body; it is a powerful antioxidant and is soluble in water and oil

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6
Q

aloe vera

A

Most popular botanical caused in cosmetic formulation; emollient and film forming gum resin with hydrating, stuffing, healing, antimicrobial, and anti inflammatory properties

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7
Q

Alum

A

Compound made of aluminum, potassium, or ammonium sulfate with strong astringent action

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8
Q

Ampoules

A

Small, sealed files containing a single application of highly concentrated extracts in a water oil base

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9
Q

Anhydrous

A

Describes products that do not contain any water

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10
Q

Aromatherapy

A

Therapeutic use of plant aromas and essential oil’s for beauty and health treatment purposes; involves the use of highly concentrated, nine or oily, and volatile essential oil’s to induce such reactions as relaxation and invigoration, or to simply create a pleasant fragrance during a service

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11
Q

astringents

A

Liquids that help remove excess oil on the skin

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12
Q

Azulene

A

Derived from the chamomile plant and characterized by deep, blue color; has anti-inflammatory and soothing properties

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13
Q

Benzoyl peroxide

A

Drying ingredient with antibacterial properties commonly use for blemishes and acne

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14
Q

Beta- glucans

A

Ingredients used in antiaging cosmetics to help reduce the appearance of fine lines and wrinkles by stimulating the formulation of collagen

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15
Q

BETA hydroxy acid’s

A

Exfoliating organic acid; salicylic acid; milder than alpha hydroxy acid’s, BHA’ s dissolve oil and are beneficial for oily skin

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16
Q

binders

A

Substances such as glycerin that bind, or hold, products together

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17
Q

botanicals

A

Ingredients derived from plants

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18
Q

Calendula

A

Anti-inflammatory plant extract

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19
Q

Carbomers

A

Ingredients use to thicken creams; frequently used in gel products

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20
Q

Carrot

A

Rich in vitamin a, commonly derived from seeds and as an oil; also use that product colorant

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21
Q

Certified colors

A

In organic color agents also known as metal salts; listed on ingredient labels as D&C which is drug and cosmetic

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22
Q

Chamomile

A

Plant extract with calming and soothing properties

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23
Q

Chelating agent

A

A chemical added to cosmetics to improve the efficiency of the preservative

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24
Q

Chemical exfoliation

A

Chemical agent that dissolves dead skin cells in the intercellular matrix, or glue that holds them together( desmosomes )

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25
Q

Clay masks

A

Oil absorbing cleansing mass that draw impurities to the surface of the skin as they dry and tighten

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26
Q

cleansers

A

Soaps and detergents that clean the skin

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27
Q

Coenzyme Q 10

A

Powerful antioxidant that protects and revitalize skin cells

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28
Q

Colorants

A

Substances such as vegetable, pigment, or mineral dies that give products color

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29
Q

Comedogenicity

A

Tendency of any topical substance to cause or to worsen a build up in the hair folic you’ll leading to the development of a Comedo black head

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30
Q

Cosmeceutical’s

A

Products intended to improve the skins health and appearance

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31
Q

Cosmetics

A

As defined by the FDA: articles that are intended to be rubbed pork sprinkled or otherwise applied to the human body or any part thereof for cleansing beautifying promoting attractiveness, or altering the appearance

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32
Q

Delivery systems

A

Systems that deliver ingredients to specific tissues of the epidermis

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33
Q

detergents

A

Type of surfactant used as cleansers and skin cleansing products

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34
Q

DMAE

A

Dimethylaminoethanol, anti-oxidant that stabilizes cell membranes and boost the effect of other antioxidants

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35
Q

Echinacea

A

Derivative of the purple coneflower; prevents infection and has healing properties ; used internally to support the immune system

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36
Q

emollients

A

Oil or fatty ingredients that liver crate, moisturizer, and prevent water loss

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37
Q

emulsifiers

A

Surfactants that caused oil and water to mix in for many motion; an ingredient that brings to normally incompatible materials together and binds them into a uniform and fairly stable blend

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38
Q

enzyme peel’s

A

Enzyme products that dissolve keratin proteins( dead skin cells)and exfoliate the skin

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39
Q

Essential oil’s

A

Oils derived from herbs; Have many different properties and effects on the skin and psyche

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40
Q

Exfoliants

A

Mechanical and chemical products or processes use to exfoliate the skin

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41
Q

Exfoliation

A

Peeling or slowing of the outer layer of skin

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42
Q

fatty acid’s

A

Emollients; lubricant ingredients derived from plant oils or animal fats

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43
Q

Fatty alcohols

A

Emollients;fatty acids that have been exposed to hydrogen

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44
Q

Fatty esters

A

Emollients produced from fatty acids and alcohols

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45
Q

Fresheners

A

Skin freshening lotions with a low alcohol content

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46
Q

Functional ingredients

A

Ingredients in cosmetic products that allow the products to spread, give them body and texture, and give them a specific form such as a lotion, cream, or gel. Preservatives are also functional ingredients

47
Q

Glycerin

A

Formed by a decomposition of oils or facts; excellent skin softener and humectant; very strong water binder; sweet, colorless, oily substance use as a solvent and as a moisturizer and skin and body creams

48
Q

Glycoproteins

A

Skin conditioning agents drive from carbohydrates and proteins that enhance cellular metabolism and wound healing

49
Q

Gommage

A

A.k.a. roll off mask; exfoliating creams that are rubbed off the skin

50
Q

Grape seed extract

A

Powerful antioxidant was soothing properties

51
Q

Green tea

A

Powerful antioxidant and soothing agent; antibacterial, anti-inflammatory, and a stimulant

52
Q

healing agents

A

Substances such as chamomile or aloe that help to heal the skin

53
Q

Herbs

A

Hundreds of different herbs that contain phytohormones are used in skin care products and cosmetics; they heal, stimulate, soothe and moisturize

54
Q

Horse chestnut

A

Extract containing bioflavonoids; also known as a vitamin P. Help strengthen papillary walls; use for couperose areas or telangiectasia

55
Q

Humectants

A

Ingredients that attract water. Humectant draw moisture to the skin and soften its surface, diminishing lines caused by dryness

56
Q

Hydrators

A

Ingredients that attract water to the skin surface

57
Q

Hydrophilic agents

A

Ingredients that attract water to the skin surface

58
Q

Jojoba

A

Oil widely used in cosmetics; extracted from the bean like seeds of the desert shrub. Used as a lubricant and noncommedogenic emollient and moisturizer

59
Q

Keratolytic

A

Agent that causes exfoliation, or sloughing, of skin cells

60
Q

Kojic acid

A

Skin brightening agent

61
Q

Lakes

A

Insoluble pigments made by combining a guy with an inorganic material

62
Q

Lanolin

A

Emollient with moisturizing properties; also an emulsifierwith high water absorption capabilities

63
Q

Lavender

A

Anti-allergenic, anti-inflammatory, anti-septic, antibacterial, balancing, energizing, soothing, and healing

64
Q

Licorice

A

Anti-irritant used for sensitive skin; helps lighten pigmentation

65
Q

Lipids

A

Fats or fat like substances ;lipids help repair and protect the barrier function of the skin

66
Q

Liposomes

A

Closed lipid bilayer of spheres that encapsulate ingredients, target their delivery to specific tissues of the skin, and control their release

67
Q

Lubricants

A

Coat the skin and reduce friction; Mineral oil is a lubricant

68
Q

Mask

A

Aka pack or masques; Concentrated treatment products off and composed of herbs, vitamins, minerals clays, moisturizing agents, skin softener’s, aromatherapy oils, beneficial extracts, and other beneficial ingredients to cleanse, exfoliate, tighten, tone, hydrate, and nourish and treat the skin

69
Q

Mechanical exfoliation

A

Physical method of rubbing dead cells off the skin

70
Q

Methylparaben

A

One of the most frequently use preservatives because of its very low sensitizing potential; combats bacteria and molds ;non-comedogenic

71
Q

Mineral oil

A

Lubricant derived from petroleum

72
Q

Modelage masks

A

A.k.a. thermal mass; thermal heat masks; facial masks containing special crystals of gypsum, if plasterlike ingredient

73
Q

Moisturizers

A

Products formulated to add moisture to the skin

74
Q

Noncertified colors

A

Colors that are organic, meaning they come from animal or plant extracts; they can also be natural mineral pigments

75
Q

Oil soluble

A

Compatible with oil

76
Q

Olfactory system

A

Gives us our sense of smell which is the strongest of the five senses

77
Q

Papaya

A

Natural enzyme used for exfoliation and in enzyme pills

78
Q

Parabens

A

One of the most commonly use groups of preservatives in the cosmetic, pharmaceutical, and food industries; provide a bacterial static and fungistatic activity against a diverse number of organisms

79
Q

Paraffin wax masks

A

Mask used to want to skin and promote penetration of ingredients through the heat trapped under the surface of the paraffin

80
Q

peptides

A

Chains of amino acids that stimulate fibroblasts, cell metabolism, collagen, and improve skins firmness. Larger chains are called polypeptides

81
Q

Performance ingredients

A

Ingredients in cosmetic products that cause the actual changes in the appearance of the skin

82
Q

Petroleum jelly

A

Exclusive agent that restores the barrier layer by holding in water; use after laser surgery to protect the skin while healing

83
Q

Ph adjusters

A

Acids or alkalis (bases) used to adjust the PH of products

84
Q

Phyto therapy

A

Use of plant extracts for therapeutic benefits

85
Q

Polyglucans

A

Ingredients derive from yeast cells that help strengthen the immune system and stimulate the metabolism; also hydrophilic and help preserve and protect collagen and elastin

86
Q

polymers

A

Chemical compounds formed by combining a number of small molecules (monomers)into long chain like structures; advanced vehicles that release substances onto the skin surface at a microscopically controlled rate

87
Q

Potassium hydroxide

A

Strong alkali used in soaps and creams

88
Q

Preservatives

A

Chemical agents that inhibit the growth of microorganisms in cosmetic formulations. These kill bacteria and prevent products from spoiling

89
Q

Propylene glycol

A

Humectant often used in dry – or sensitive skin waste risers

90
Q

Quaternium 15

A

All purpose preservative active against bacteria, mold, and used. It is probably the greatest formaldehyde releaser among cosmetic preservatives; may cause dermatitis and allergies

91
Q

Retinol

A

Natural form of vitamin a; stimulates cell repair and helps to normalize skin cells by generating new cells

92
Q

Rose

A

Credited with moisturizing, astringent, tonic, and deodorant properties; found in the forms of rose extracts, oil, or water

93
Q

Salicylic acid

A

Beta hydroxy acid with exfoliating and antiseptic properties; natural sources include Sweet Birch, willow bark, and wintergreen

94
Q

Seaweed

A

Siri derivatives such as allergy have mini nursing properties; for its humectant and moisturizing properties, vitamin content, metabolism stimulation and detoxification, and aging skin firmness

95
Q

Serum’s

A

Concentrated liquid ingredients for the skin designed to penetrate and treat various skin conditions

96
Q

Silicones

A

Oil that is chemically combined with silicon and oxygen and leaves a noncommedogenic, protective film on the surface of the skin

97
Q

Sodium bicarbonate

A

Baking soda; an alkaline in organic salt used as a buffering agent, neutralizer, and a PH adjuster

98
Q

Sorbitol

A

Humectant that absorbs moisture from the air to prevent skin dryness

99
Q

Sphingolipids

A

Ceramides, or lipid material, they are a natural part of the intercellular matrix. Glycosphingolipid’s and phospholipids are also natural lipids found in the barrier layer

100
Q

squalane

A

Derived from olives; desensitizes in nourishes; an emollient

101
Q

Stem cells

A

Derived from plantsto protect or stimulate our own skin stem cells; for health and antiaging benefits

102
Q

Squalene

A

Originally from shark liver oil; also occurs in small amounts in olive oil, wheat germ oil, and rice bran oil; also found in human sebum. A lubricant and perfume fixative

103
Q

sulfur

A

Sulfur reduces oil gland activity and dissolves the skin surface layer of tried that sells. This ingredient is commonly used in acne products

104
Q

Sun protection factor

A

SPF - ability of a product to delay sun induced erythema, the visible sign of sun damage. The SPF rating is based only on UVB protection not UVA exposure

105
Q

Tea tree

A

Soothing and anti-septic; antifungal properties

106
Q

Tissue respiratory factor

A

TRF; ingredient derived from yeast cells that functions as an anti-inflammatory and moisturizing ingredient

107
Q

Titanium dioxide

A

In organic physical sunscreen that reflects UV radiation

108
Q

toners

A

Also known as fresheners or astringents; liquids designed to tone and tighten the skin surface

109
Q

Urea

A

Properties include enhancing the penetration abilities of other substances; anti-inflammatory, anti-septic, and deodorizing action that protects the skin surface and helps maintain healthy skin

110
Q

Vehicles

A

Spreading agents and ingredients that carry where deliver other ingredients into the skin and make them more effective

111
Q

Water soluble

A

Mixable with water

112
Q

Witch hazel

A

Extracted from the bark of the hamanelis shrub; Can be a soothing agent or, in higher concentrations, an astringent

113
Q

Zinc oxide

A

In organic physical sunscreen that reflects UVA radiation. Also used to protect, suit, and heal the skin; is somewhat astringent, anti-septic, and antibacterial

Esthetics (8 decks)

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