Chapter 12: Politics Flashcards Preview

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Flashcards in Chapter 12: Politics Deck (19)
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1
Q

Internalized controls

A

Shame and guilt cultures

2
Q

Externalized controls

A

Sanctions

3
Q

State

A

Centralized power

Industrial food production

4
Q

Chiefdom

A

Kin-based social status

Centralized power

5
Q

Tribe

A
Kin-based social status
Non-intensive food production
Decentralized power (big man)
6
Q

Band

A

Egalitarian
Decentralized power
Food collectors

7
Q

Minority groups

A

Subordinate groups with less power and less secure access to resources.

8
Q

Majority groups

A

Superordinate, dominant or controlling groups.

9
Q

Hierarchal stratification

A

People do not have equal access to resources: Survival, power, and prestige.

10
Q

Class

A

A ranked group within a hierarchically stratified society.

Achieved status

11
Q

Caste

A

A ranked group within a hierarchically stratified society.

Ascribed status

12
Q

Hypodescent

A

Children of a union between members of different groups are automatically places in the minority group.

13
Q

Colorism (Nicaragua)

A

A system of social identities negotiated situationally along a continuum of skin colours between white and black.

14
Q

“Race” in Brazil

A

Less exclusionary categories allow individuals to change racial classification.

15
Q

Naturalising discourses

A

The deliberate representation of particular identities as if they were the result of biology or nature.

16
Q

Colonialism

A

Political, social, economic, and cultural domination of a territory and its people by a foreign power for an extended period of time.

17
Q

Genocide

A

Deliberate elimination of a group through mass murder.

18
Q

Cultural genocide

A

Destruction of an ethnic group’s culture.

19
Q

Gender stratification

A

Refers to the social ranking, where men have higher statuses than women.