Chapter 12:Inflation and the Quantity Theory of Money Flashcards

1
Q

What is inflation?

A

an increase in the general or average level of prices

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2
Q

What is the inflation rate?

A

percentage increase in the average level of prices over a period of time

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3
Q

How do you calculate the inflation rate?

A

Take the difference between year 1 and 2 and divide by year 1
(P2-P1)/P1 *100

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4
Q

What is the consumer price index?

A

measure the average price for a basket of goods and service bought by a typical American consumer

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5
Q

In waht way is the consumer price index weighted?

A

So that an increase in the price of a major item counts for more than an increase in the price of a minor item

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6
Q

What is the GDP deflator?

A

The ratio of nominal to real GDP multiplied by 100. This covers all final goods

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7
Q

What are the producer price indexes?

A

They measure the average price received by producers

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8
Q

What are producer price indexes often used for?

A

To calculate changes in the cost of inputs

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9
Q

What is a real price?

A

a price that has been corrected for inflation. This is used to compare the prices of goods over time

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10
Q

What two things does the quantity theory of money do?

A
  1. sets the relationship between money, velocity, real output, and prices
  2. helps explain the role of the money supply in determining inflation rate
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11
Q

What is the quantity theory of money?

A

Mv=PYr

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12
Q

What does M stand for in the quantity theory of money?

A

money supply

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13
Q

What does v stand for?

A

the velocity of money

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14
Q

What is the velocity of money?

A

the average number of times a dollar is spent on final goods and services in a year

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15
Q

What does P stand for?

A

price level

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16
Q

What does Yr stand for?

A

Real GDP

17
Q

What is inflation caused by?

A

An increase in the money supply

18
Q

According to the quantity theory of money, the growth rate of the money supply will be equal to what?

A

the inflation rate

19
Q

Increases in the velocity of money can accelerate an already existing_________.

A

inflation

20
Q

What is deflation?

A

a decrease in the average level of prices–a negative inflation rate

21
Q

What is a disinflation?

A

a reduction in the inflation rate

22
Q

In the long run, money is _____.

A

neutral

23
Q

What is the money illusion?

A

the false perception that occurs when people mistake changes in nominal prices for changes in real prices

24
Q

Inflation is a type of _____.

A

tax

25
Q

What is the real rate of return?

A

The nominal rate of return minus the inflation rate

26
Q

What is the nominal rate of return?

A

the rate of return that does not account for inflation

27
Q

What is the Fisher effect?

A

the tendency of nominal interest rates to rise one to one with expected inflation rates

28
Q

If expected inflation is greater than actual inflation, then the real rate of return will be ______ than the equilibrium rate

A

higher

29
Q

What is monetizing the debt?

A

the result of government paying off its debt by printing more money

30
Q

Inflation is always and everywhere a monetary phenomenon.

True or False?

A

True