Chapter 11: Overview of the Heart

Question 1

Central cavity of the thorax

Answer 1

Mediastinum

Question 2

What percentage of the heart mass lies left of the midsternal line?

Answer 2

2/3

Question 3

What does the heart rest on?

Answer 3

the diaphragm

Question 4

Lower pointed part of the heart that points to L hip

Answer 4

apex

Question 5

What is the average HR throughout life?

Answer 5

72-75 BPM

Question 6

Double walled sac that encloses the heart,

forms an outer layer of tough connective tissue

Answer 6

pericardium

Question 7

Outermost layer of the heart; it is the outer layer of connective tissue covering the myocardium and coronary arteries, and it overlies a little loose fibrous
and adipose tissue. It is also the inner (visceral) layer of the pericardium (which
covers the myocardium)

Answer 7

Epicardium

Question 8

Middle layer of the heart; it is the thickest layer and is muscular; the workhorse of the heart.

Answer 8

Myocardium

Question 9

Innermost layer of the heart, forms a smooth membrane
of endothelial cells lining the cardiac chambers and covering the
surfaces of the heart valves

Answer 9

Endocardium

Question 10

What are the layers of the pericardium?

Answer 10

Outer = fibrous pericardium
Middle = Serous pericardium
Inner = Epicardium (visceral epicardium)

Question 11

True or false: There is normally a channel for direct communication between the R and L sides of the heart.

Answer 11

False

Question 12

What separates the R and L chambers of the heart?

Answer 12

Septum (one between the atria and one between the ventricles)

Question 13

Which half of the heart is the pulmonary pump (sends blood into pulmonary arteries)?

Answer 13

Right

Question 14

Which half of the heart is the systemic pump?

Answer 14

Left

Question 15

What separates the atria and ventricles and surrounds and provides structural support for the heart valves?

Answer 15

Dense fibrous tissue (a fibrous framework)

Question 16

Through what 3 veins does blood enter the Right Atrium?

Answer 16

1) Superior Vena Cava
2) Inferior Vena Cava
3) Coronary Sinus

Question 17

What collects the blood that drains from the myocardium and returns it to the R atrium?

Answer 17

Coronary sinus

Question 18

Through what veins does blood enter the L atrium?

Answer 18

4 pulmonary veins

Question 19

True or false: The L side of the heart pumps CO2 rich blood.

Answer 19

False; the R side pumps CO2 rich blood

Question 20

What are the three layers of the heart?

Answer 20

1) Epicardium
2) Myocardium
3) Endocardium