Chapter 11 - Motivating Employees Flashcards Preview

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Flashcards in Chapter 11 - Motivating Employees Deck (17)
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1
Q

Frederick Taylor

A

The Father of Scientific Management

2
Q

Scientific Management

A

studying workers to find the most efficient ways of doing things and then teaching people those techniques

3
Q

Time-motion studies

A

tasks must be performed to complete a job and the time needed to do each task

4
Q

Principle of Motion Economy

A

every job can be broken down into a series of elementary motions

5
Q

Elton Mayo and the Hawthorne Studies

A

The Hawthorne studies’ results encouraged researchers to study human motivation and the managerial styles that lead to more productivity.

6
Q

The Hawthorne Effect

A

the tendency for people to behave differently when they know they’re being studied.

7
Q

Motivation and Maslow’s Hierarchy of Needs

A

Physiological: Basic survival needs such as the need for food, water and shelter.
Safety: The need to feel secure at work and at home.
Social: The need to feel loved, accepted, and part of the group.
Esteem: The need for recognition and acknowledgment from others, as well as self-respect and a sense of status or importance.
Self-Actualization: The need to develop to one’s fullest potential.

8
Q

Motivators

A

job factors that cause employees to be productive and give them satisfaction.

9
Q

Hygiene (maintenance) factors

A

job factors that can cause dissatisfaction if missing but that do not necessarily motivate employees if increased.

10
Q

Job Enrichment

A

a motivational strategy that emphasizes motivating the worker through the job itself.

11
Q

Job Enlargement

A

a job enrichment strategy that extends the work cycle by adding related tasks to the job description.

12
Q

Job Rotation

A

a job enrichment strategy that involves moving employees from one job to another.

13
Q

Five Characteristics of Work that are Important in Affecting Individual Motivation and Performance

A
Skill variety
Task identity
Task significance
Autonomy
Feedback
14
Q

Goal-setting theory

A

Management by Objectives (MBO): a system of goal setting and implementation that involves a cycle of discussion, review, and evaluation of objectives among top-and middle-managers, supervisors, and employees

15
Q

Expectancy theory

A

the amount of effort employees exert on a specific task depends on their expectations of the outcome.

16
Q

Reinforcement theory

A

positive and negative reinforcers motivate a person to behave in certain ways.

17
Q

Equity theory

A

employees try to maintain equity between inputs and outputs compared to others in similar positions.