What is cardiovascular disease
Disease of the heart and blood vessels
What is the leading cause of death in americans
Cardiovascular disease
What are the major CVD risk factors that CAN BE CHANGED
Tabacco use
High blood pressure
Exercise
Diet
Alcohol and drug use
Obesity
Diabetes
Psychological and social factors
What is the statistic with tabacco use
80% by age 18
Causes 1 in 5 deaths from CVD
What does tabacco do to the body
Damages artery linings
Reduces HDL
Raises LDL and triglyercides
Causes platelets to stick together
Raises heart rate and blood pressure
Displaces oxygen in the blood
Increase the rate of accumulation of fatty deposits in the arteries
High blood pressure is also know as
What is it
Hypertension
Sustained abnormally high blood pressure
Systole is
Pressure when heart contracts
Diastole is
Pressure when heart relaxes
High blood pressure causes what in the body
Strains heart
Damages arteries
Increases risk of heart attack
Stroke
Kidney failure
Blindness
What does a healthy diet do for the body
Reduces salt
Increased potassium
Increase fiber
LDLs are
Good or bad
Where
Unhealthy
Bad cholesterol
Excess amounts are deposited in artery walls
HDLs are
Good or bad
Where
Healthy
Good cholesterol
Shuttle unused cholesterol back to the liver for recycling
How can be reduce our (bad) cholesterol improve our (good) cholesterol
Quit smoking
Exercise
Improve diet
40 is…
10 years younger
60 is…
20 years younger
Physical activity increases what in the brain
Grey matter
Men with 90 mins of daily activity improve their survivability by…
39% over the age of 90
What does physical inactivity have on risk of CVD
Exercise decreases blood pressure and resting heart rate
Improves cholesterol
Improves the condition of blood vessels
Helps prevent obesity and diabetes
Obesity causes
Strain on heart
Excess fat in the torso
Diabetes causes
Increased risk of CVD even when controlled
Psychological and social factors that cause risk in CVD are
Stress
Chronic hostility and anger
Supressing psychological distress
Depression and anxiety
Social isolation
Low socioeconomic status
What are the major CVD risk factors that CANT BE CHANGED
Family history/heredity
Aging
Being male
Ethnicity
Family history relates to CVD by
Multiple genes that contribute to risk of CVD
Aging causes risk of CVD to
Increase
Being male causes risk of CVD to be
What has recently happened
Higher
Especially in early life
Narrowed due to a lot more women in the workforce
How does ethnicity have an effect on risk of CVD
African americans have higher rates of hypertension and stroke
What are women protected from
Why
CVD at younger ages
Due to natural estrogen
How many women and men are likely to get CVD
Women = 6/100 Men = 13/100
When are women more likely than med to die from a heart attack
After menopause
Women are likely not going to experience ____ when having a heart attack
Chest pain
What are the main forms of CVD
Hypertension
Atherosclerosis
Heart disease and attacks
Stroke
Congestive heart failure
What is congestive heart failure
Who does it focus on
Back up of fluids due to weak pumping
Condition that strikes older people more than younger
What are the primary risk factors of CVD/CHD
Smoking
High fat and cholesterol diet
Hypertension
Inactivity
Obesity
Diabetes
CHD and CVD are…
interchangable
What type of diabetes is associated with overweight and obese people
What is it due to
Type 2
Insulin resistance
Type 1 diabetes is due to
Pancreas not making insulin
What are some symptoms of diabetes
Fatigue
Blurry vision
Thirsty
Hungry
Weight loss - type 1
Tingling, pain or numbness of hands/feet - type 2
Urinating often
Where is obesity most prevalent
Alabama
Mississippi
Louisiana
West Virginia
What is set point theory
Your body has a certain point at which it should weigh
What are the different types of fat
Brown fat
Beige fat
White subcutanous fat
Viseral fat
What is brown fat
Good fat
Provides cellular energy
Keeps us warm
What is Beige fat
Combination of white and brown
Along spine and collarbone
What is White subcutanous fat
Fat below the skin
Stores calories
Helps liver and muscles manage insulin
What is viseral fat
Dangerous fat
Fat around the organs
Increases blood cholestrol, heart disease, diabetes and cancer